大肠癌与抑癌基因相关性的研究现状  

Association between colorectal cancer and tumor suppressor genes:recent research progress

作　　者：项芳芳[1] 毛高平[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学研究生学院,安徽省合肥市230032 [2]中国人民解放军空军总医院消化内科,北京市100036

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2012年第5期394-398,共5页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

摘　　要：大肠癌是常见的高危害消化系恶性肿瘤,全球每年新发病例约为120万例.近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,饮食习惯和结构的改变,我国大肠癌的发病率和死亡率增长迅速,而且,发病年龄明显提前,目前,我国大肠癌中位发病年龄为58岁,比欧美等国家提前12-18年.大肠癌的发生是一个多阶段多步骤的、涉及多个基因改变的复杂过程.许多研究表明,结直肠癌变是一个涉及原癌基因激活、抑癌基因失活等多基因、多阶段、多步骤渐进演化的积累过程.与结直肠癌相关的抑癌基因有p53、APC、DCC、MMR等,原癌基因有k-ras、c-myc等.本文就以上基因改变与大肠癌的发生发展相关性的研究现状作一简单复习.Colorectal cancer is a common high-risk gastro- intestinal cancer, and approximately 1.2 rnilIion new cases are diagnosed each year worldwide. In recent years, due to the improvement of people＇s living standards and changes in dietary habits and structure, the incidence and mortal- ity rate of colorectal cancer increase rapidly in China. Moreover, patients have a significantly earlier age of onset. At present, the median age of colorectal cancer onset in China is 58 years old, 12 to 18 years earlier than other countries in Europe and America. The development of colorectal cancer is a complex multi-stage pro- cess involving multiple genetic alterations. Many studies have shown that colorectal carci- nogenesis involves activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Tumor suppressor genes associated with colorectal carcinogenesis include p53, APC, DCC, and MMR, and proto-oncogenes include K-ras andc-myc. In this paper, we discuss the association between tumor suppressor genes and colorectal carcinogenesis.

关 键 词：大肠癌 抑癌基因 APC基因 错配修复基因 P53基因 K-RAS基因 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]