学龄前聋儿声母发音难度研究  

A Study of Consonant Production Difficulty Level in Preschool Children with Hearing Impairments

作　　者：张磊[1,2] 朱群怡[1,2] 黄昭鸣[1,2] 张蕾[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学言语听觉康复科学系,上海200062 [2]言语听觉科学教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2012年第2期102-104,共3页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：言语听觉科学教育部重点实验室开放课题基金(2010HSOP0011)资助

摘　　要：目的分析学龄前聋儿声母的发音情况,获得其声母发音的难度层次。方法选取平均年龄为4.5岁的语前聋儿64名,以黄昭鸣-韩知娟词表为测试材料,分析其不同发音部位、不同发音方式声母的发音正确率。结果①学龄前聋儿不同发音部位声母发音难度差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),不同发音部位声母的发音从易到难依次为:双唇音→舌尖中音→舌根音→唇齿音和舌面音→舌尖前音和舌尖后音;②学龄前聋儿不同发音方式声母的发音难度差异有极显著统计学意义(P<0.01),不同发音方式声母的发音从易到难依次为:不送气塞音→鼻音→送气塞音→擦音和边音→送气塞擦音和不送气塞擦音。结论学龄前聋儿声母发展远远滞后于健听儿童,表现出明显的难度层次关系,主要与发音的可视性、发音动作发育的早晚以及发音方法的复杂程度有关;在声母构音矫治时,应遵循学龄前聋儿声母发音部位或发音方式的难度顺序以提高其康复效率。Objective By analyzing pre--school deaf children＇s pronunciation of consonant, to investigate dif- ficulty level of consonant production. Methods Sixty--four deaf children at average age of 4.5 years were enrolled in this study. Using articulation and phonology assessment as test materials, accuracy rates from different places and in different manners were statistically analyzed. Results ①The consonants produotiors from different places were significantly different（P〈0.01）. The difficulty level （from easy to difficculty） of the different place for articu- lation were： bilahial→alveolar→velar→labiodental and palatal→supra-dental and retroflex. QThe consonants pro- duction in different manners were significant different（P〈0.01）. The difficulty level （from easy to difficulty） in different manner of articulation was： unaspirated plosive→nasal→aspirated plosive→fricative and lateral→＊aspirated affricative and unaspirated affricative. Conclusion The difficulty levels from different places and in different manner of consonants in preschool deaf children were different,mainly due to the visibility of articulation, the developments of articulation movements and the degree of complexity of the articulation manners. There fore during consonant ar- ticulation therapy for deaf children, we should follow their sequences of difficulty level to facilitate the therapy effi- ciency.

关 键 词：学龄前聋儿 发音部位 发音方式 难度 

分 类 号：H018.4[语言文字—语言学]