动态车辆换算系数的交通流特性分析方法  

Method of Dynamic Vehicle Conversion Factors Based on Traffic Flow Characteristic Analysis

作　　者：曲大义[1] 杨建[1] 陈秀锋[1] 卞晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学汽车与交通学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2012年第4期132-136,共5页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178231);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAG13A03)

摘　　要：道路运行车辆在不同交通运行状态下所占有的道路时空资源的物理意义不同,为了科学反映其动态特性,吸取了传统交通流理论的学术思想,选择交通密集度作为车型换算系数的计算标准,综合分析了不同交通流运行状态下车辆占有车道空间问题,从交通流特性分析入手,定性分析车型对交通流量-密集度的影响,提出了不同车型相对应的影响系数计算方法,进而建立基于需求安全距离的动态车辆换算系数定量模型。通过数据验证和试验对比分析结果显示,动态车辆换算系数更好地反映了交通流运行中的速度-流量关系和动态特性。The physical meanings of vehicle time occupancy and space occupancy are different under different traffic operation states. In order to explore its dynamic characteristics, based on academic ideas of traditional traffic flow theory, traffic concentration was selected to be the calculation standard of conversion factor of vehicle type to comprehensively analyze vehicle space occupancy under different traffic operation states. Based on qualitative analysis of influence of vehicle type on traffic volume and concentration by traffic flow characteristics, the calculation method of influence coefficient corresponding to different vehicle types was put forward, and then the quantitative dynamical vehicle conversion factor model based on necessary safe distance was achieved. The results of data validation and experimental comparison analysis show that dynamical vehicle conversion factor better reflects the relationship between traffic speed and flow, and better reflects the dynamic characteristics.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通流特性 车辆换算系数 交通密集度 需求安全距离 

分 类 号：U491.113[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]