积极情绪与身心健康关系研究的进展  

Advances in the Study of the Relationship Between Positive Emotion and Health

作　　者：董妍[1] 王琦[1] 邢采[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第2期487-493,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(11YJC19007);中国人民大学科学研究基金项目面上项目(10XNB046)的资助

摘　　要：积极情绪与身体健康、心理健康和社会适应有密切的关系。首先,积极情绪不仅能够降低传染性疾病的感染风险,能够影响非传染性疾病病情、病程及死亡率。其次,积极情绪能够降低个体的心理易感性,使个体更好的应对负性或压力事件。最后,现有的研究表明积极情绪和社会交往存在相互促进的关系。现存的直接效应模型和压力缓冲模型解释了积极情绪直接和间接促进健康的机制。未来的研究还需在研究方法和模型完善等方面进一步改进。Recent progress in the field of health psychology and positive psychology has witnessed an increasing number of studies examining the relationship between positive emotion and health. This review brought together studies that have examined how positive emotions are related with health status. Health is defined in terms of three aspects ： physical health, psychological health, and social adaptation. Existing findings consistently support the notion that positive emotions are positively related with these three aspects of health. First, positive emotions can decrease the risking rate of infectious diseases, enhance recovery from various diseases and decrease mortality. Second, positive emotions trigger the adaptive appraisal of negative life events, and help individuals buffer against stressful situations ; consequently, positive emotions can prevent or relieve individuals from experiencing psychological disorders, such as depression. Last but not least, there is a bi-directional relationship between higher levels of positive emotions and higher levels of social connections and social support. It has been suggested that positive emotions achieve these desirable outcomes because they help individuals build lasting resources and increase individuals＇ flexibility when dealing with various challenges. Consequently, individuals with more positive emotions become more adaptive in stressful encounters. Two models, the Main （Direct） Effect Model and the Stress-Buffering Model, have been proposed to explain both the direct and indirect effects of positive emotions on individuals＇ well-being. The Main Effect Model suggests that positive emotions have a direct impact on endogenous opioids, automatic nervous system and HPA, social connection and health practice, which in turn influence individ- uals＇ immune system and cardiovascular activity. As a result, differences in levels of positive emotions lead to differences in individuals＇ health status. The Stress-Buffering Model is built upon the Main Effect Model. T

关 键 词：积极情绪 生理健康 心理健康 社会适应 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]