儿童关于特质的性别差异信念的发展  

3-to-8 Year Olds' Beliefs About Gender Differences in Traits

作　　者：顾吉有[1] 曹仁艳[1] 王美芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2012年第2期200-202,199,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：山东省"十一五"强化建设重点学科建设经费;山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009CM080)资助

摘　　要：目的：考察3~8岁儿童关于特质的性别差异信念及其发展特点。方法：采用个别测查法对379名儿童进行测查。结果：①从总体上看,各年龄组儿童倾向于将男性化特质归于男孩,将女性化特质归于女孩;②男孩比女孩更倾向于将男性化特质与男孩相联系,而女孩比男孩则更倾向于将女性化特质与女孩相联系;③从总体上看,学前阶段儿童将男性化特质与男孩相联系、将女性化特质与女孩相联系的倾向逐渐增强,6岁之后二者均处于稳定水平。结论：我国儿童从3岁起就持有关于特质的性别差异信念,他们对同性特质的性别差异信念强于对异性特质的性别差异信念,并且这些信念在学前期间不断增强,6岁左右趋于稳定。Objective： To explore the beliefs about gender differences in traits and the developmental characteristics of these beliefs in children aged from 3 to 8 years old.Methods： 379 children were examined by individual tests.Results： ①On the whole,children tended to associate masculine traits with boys and feminine traits with girls;②In contrast to girls,boys had stronger tendencies to associate masculine traits with boys;and in comparison with boys,and girls had stronger tendencies to associate feminine traits with girls;③Children showed an increasing tendency with age to associate masculine traits with boys and feminine traits with girls during preschool period,and this tendency reached a relatively stable level at about 6-year-old.Conclusion： Children possess beliefs about gender differences in traits from 3 years old in China and these beliefs in the same sex of children are stronger than those in the opposite sex.These beliefs become stronger with age during preschool period,and develop stably about 6 years old.

关 键 词：儿童 特质 性别差异信念 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]