心理弹性与压力适应的关系:积极情绪中介效应的实验研究  

The Relationship between Resilience and Adaptation to Stress:An Experiment on the Mediation of Positive Affect

作　　者：崔丽霞[1] 殷乐[1] 雷雳[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系,北京市"学习与认知"重点实验室,北京100048 [2]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2012年第3期308-313,共6页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：北京市教委科技面上项目(KM201210028014);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划"学术创新团队建设计划"(PHR201007109);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(08JAXLX015);人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室(华中师范大学)开放课题基金;国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题(ACA100004)

摘　　要：Fredrickson的积极情绪的扩展—建构理论(broaden-and-build theory)认为积极情绪具有激活行动、扩展认知、建设资源和缓解压力的功能。但是积极情绪是否是心理弹性到压力适应的中介变量有待于进一步研究。该研究让37名女大学生先完成中国情感量表和Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表,然后进行压力情境实验,通过生理多导仪记录实验前后压力下的生理反应,以压力下的生理恢复时间作为压力适应的指标。最后通过中介检验程序分析积极情绪在心理弹性到压力适应的中介效应。结果表明:(1)压力下个体的心理弹性水平与生理恢复指标显著相关(r=-0.75,p<0.001);(2)当心理弹性和积极情绪同时进入回归方程时,积极情绪对压力适应的预测显著,心理弹性对生理恢复指标的预测下降,但是依然显著(r=-0.62,p<0.001)。结论:积极情绪在心理弹性与压力适应间起部分中介作用。According to Fredrickson＇ s broaden-and-build theory positive affect is the most important mechanism for resilient people to bounce back from stress. By stress experiment we studied the mediating role of positive affect between resilience and adaptation. The study used 37 female students to test their affect and resilience, and exam at a stress condition using duration of cardiovascular reactivity as an index of adaptation. The result was ： （ 1 ） under stress resilience was significantly correlated with duration of cardiovascular reactivity （ r = - 0.75, p 〈 0. 001 ） ; （2） When positive affect was added in the regression equation the effect of resilience on duration of cardiovascular reactivity was declining but still significant （ r = - 0.62 ,p 〈 0. 001 ）. The conclusion was that positive affect played a partly meditational role between resilience and adaptation under stress.

关 键 词：心理弹性 积极情绪 压力适应 

分 类 号：B844.3[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]