繁荣伦理学:信息时代的一种伦理学理论  

Flourishing Ethics:An Ethical Theory for the Information Age

作　　者：特雷尔.拜纳姆 童谨[2] 

机构地区：[1]南康涅狄格州立大学计算机与社会研究中心,美康涅狄格州纽黑文06515 [2]福建农林大学马克思主义学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第3期1-14,138,共14页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：本文描述一种新的伦理学理论,这个理论融合了国际计算机伦理学界一些学者的著述而开始形成。由于这个新的伦理学理论根植于亚里士多德学派,我称它为"繁荣伦理学",虽然它也包含了一些使人联想起道家和佛教的思想。尽管繁荣伦理学根植于古代伦理学理论,但它的基础是近年来对于有生命的事物、人性和宇宙基本性质的科学洞见——这些来自今天的信息理论、天体物理和遗传学的思想;并且通过这些科学洞见,繁荣伦理学为人们所了解。繁荣伦理学可以很方便地分为两部分。第一部分我称之为"以人类为中心的繁荣伦理学",专门集中关注人类——人类的行动、价值和品质。第二部分,我称之为"普遍的繁荣伦理学",运用于宇宙中的每一个物理实体,包括人类。与其说繁荣伦理学取代了传统的"重大的伦理学理论",不如说它很可能加深和拓宽我们对于传统的"重大的伦理学理论"的理解。This essay describes a new ethical theory that has begun to coalesce from the works of several scholars in the international computer ethics community. I call the new theory 'Flourishing Ethics' because of its Aristotelian roots, though it also includes ideas suggestive of Taoism and Buddhism. In spite of its roots in ancient ethical theories, Flourishing Ethics is informed and grounded by recent scientific insights into the nature of living things, human nature and the fundamental nature of the universe-ideas from today's information theory, astrophysics and genetics. Flourishing Ethics can be divided conveniently into two parts. The first part, which I call 'Human-centered FE', is focused exclusively upon human beings-their actions, values and characters. The second part, which I call 'General FE', applies to every physical entity in the universe, including humans. Rather than replacing traditional 'great ethical theories', Flourishing Ethics is likely to deepen and broaden our understanding of them.

关 键 词：亚里士多德学派伦理学 计算机伦理学 控制论 半机械人伦理学 熵 善与恶 信息伦理学 信息圈 正义效果论 机器人伦理学 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]