台湾地区成年人膳食模式与高血压相关关系探讨  

Dietary patterns and hypertension among adults in Taiwan

作　　者：王玉洁[1] 舒正[2] 孙凤[2] 陶秋山[2] 詹思延[2] 王燕芳[3] 肖颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系 [3]北京大学医学部临床研究所

出　　处：《卫生研究》2012年第3期363-368,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

摘　　要：目的分析探讨台湾地区成年人群不同膳食模式与高血压之间关系。方法依照纳入标准,选取65 140名于2006年参加台湾美兆健康体检,年龄20～75岁的对象作为研究人群,对其食物摄入和生活方式进行调查和评估。依据JNC-Ⅶ标准确定高血压。采用因子分析和多因素logistic回归方法,分析该人群男性和女性主要膳食模式及其与高血压患病之间关联。结果因子分析共得到4种不同的膳食模式,分别为"蛋白质"膳食模式、"鱼蛋奶素食"膳食模式、"西方"膳食模式、"蛋及乳制品"膳食模式。调整年龄、BMI、体育活动、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒等因素后,与"西方"膳食模式相比,"鱼蛋奶"膳食模式、"蛋白质"膳食模式及"蛋及乳制品"膳食模式与男性高血压的患病风险降低有关,其OR(95%CI)分别为0.95(0.92～0.98)、0.97(0.94～0.99)和0.94(0.91～0.97);"蛋白质"膳食模式与女性高血压患病风险降低有关,其OR为0.96(95%CI 0.92～0.99)。结论摄入较多的蛋白质、乳制品及蔬菜、水果与高血压患病风险降低有关,且在男性人群中更显著。Objective To explore the relationship between dietary pattern and hypertension in Taiwan adults. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 65 140 subjects aged 20-75 years who participating health examination in the Meizhao health centers in Taiwan were included in 2006. The food intake and lifestyle pattern of them were accessed. The identification of hypertension was based on the diagnostic criteria from JNC-V~. Factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the associations of dietary patterns with hypertension for males and females. Results Four dietary patterns were identified, namely ＂ high protein＂ pattern, ＂ prudent＂ pattern, ＂western＂ pattern, and ＂egg and dairy foods＂ pattern. After age, gender, BMI, physical activity, education level, smoking and alcohol intake being adjusted, relative to the ＂western＂ pattern, the risk of hypertension in males with ＂prudent＂, ＂high protein＂ and＂egg and dairy foods＂ patterns were significantly lower, the OR were O. 95 （95 % CI O. 92 - O. 98）, O. 97 （95% CIO. 94 -0.99） and O. 94 （95% CI O. 91 -0.97）, respectively. Significant lower risk of hypertension in females for the ＂high protein＂ pattern group was found, with OR of O. 96 （95% CI O. 92 - O. 99）. Conclusion Our results indicated that increasing the intake of protein, dairy products, vegetables and fruit was related to a reduction of high blood pressure risk, especially in men.

关 键 词：高血压 膳食模式 因子分析 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R544[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]