反应式回报与前瞻式回报:心理契约对组织公民行为的影响机制  

Reactive and Proactive Reciprocation: the Effect of Psychological Contract on Organizational Citizenship Behavior(OCB)

作　　者：林澜[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学管理学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《经济管理》2012年第6期65-74,共10页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学项目"组织结构变革中的路径依赖与路径突破研究"(11YJA630057);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"服务性企业内部服务质量构建与作用机制:基于新生代员工管理的视角"(71102062)

摘　　要：本文旨在探讨心理契约对组织公民行为的影响机制。通过对345名高校教师的问卷调查,发现教师心理契约中的学校已履行责任和学校未来责任对其学校公益行为、同事公益行为、学生公益行为的履行有显著正向的预测作用。研究结果验证了学校已履行责任激发教师反应式回报,教师对学校未来责任履行的预期激发其前瞻式回报;前瞻式回报的动机强于反应式回报;回报对象的优先顺序为学校、同事、学生。最后,本文基于这些研究结论对高校教师心理契约管理提出了建议。Given the uncertainty and complexity of the environment, organizational citizenship behavior（OCB） has become increasingly important for the effective functioning of the organizations. Much of the research on OCB has focused on social exchange theory as the underlying mechanism. A limitation to social exchange frameworks is that they exclusively examine the reactive reciprocation to fulfilled obligations and fail to consider the effect of em ployee anticipation of the employer obligation fulfillment. This study addresses this research gap by drawing upon the framework of psychological contract to explore how proactive reciprocation, along with reactive reciprocation, explains the relationship between the psychological contract and OCB of the employees in the context of the Chinese universities. The university obligations in psychological contract are separated into two components, namely fulfilled obliga tions and anticipated obligations. The faculty engage in OCBs either as a post hoc reciprocation to the obligations fulfilled by the university or as a goodwill gesture to increase the likelihood that the university will fulfill the obliga tions in the future. Therefore, we hypothesize that both fulfilled and anticipated university obligations will be posi tively related to the faculty OCBs respectively. Considering the cultural and organizational contexts, this study first develops the psychological contract and OCB scales specific to the Chinese university faculty and examines the dimensional structure of the two constructs. Specifically, the university obligations consist of five dimensions, namely material wellbeing guarantee, policy sup port, resources support, facilitation in decisionmaking participation, and personal growth support. And the faculty OCB is composed of universityoriented, colleagueoriented and studentVoriented citizenship behaviors. Confirmato ry factor analysis shows the secondorder models of fulfilled and anticipated university obligations that account for the covariance among the fiv

关 键 词：心理契约 组织公民行为 反应式回报 前瞻式回报 

分 类 号：C936[经济管理—管理学]