餐厨垃圾好氧生物处理菌株的选育  

Screening of Aerobic Strains for Biological Treatment of Kitchen Waste

作　　者：乔长晟[1,2] 李栋[1] 杨朋朋[1] 赵男[1] 李振海 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津市工业微生物重点实验室,工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室,天津300457 [2]天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司,天津300457

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2012年第6期122-125,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

摘　　要：文章以枯草芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌等10株细菌为出发菌株,以耐高温、生长速度快、生物安全性、生物拮抗性以及产酶能力为筛选原则,从中筛选得到4株细菌,分别为:地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis,TKFW1003)、巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium,TKFW1005)、纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus natto,TKFW1102)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,TKFW1108)。然后将筛选得到的4株细菌按10%的比例添加到30 L固态发酵罐中,再添加10%的麸皮和50%的水为辅料,对餐厨垃圾进行固态发酵处理。最后将固态发酵结束后得到的产品取出烘干粉碎,经检测:经好氧微生物处理后得到的产品,其有效活菌数、有机质含量、水分含量及蛔虫卵死亡率等指标均达到了农业部农用有机肥标准,此法实现了餐厨垃圾的无害化、资源化、减量化处理,具有生产成本低、无二次污染、可操作性强等优点。Bacillus licheniformis TKFWl003, Bacillus megaterium TKFWl005, Bacillus natto TKFWll02 and Bacillus subtilis TKFW1005 were screened with the purpose of cultivating excellent fermentation strains with the characteristics of high-temperature-resistance, high growth rate, good bio-safety and bio-antagonistic characters as well as a strong enzyme production capacity. Solid-state fermentation of kitchen waste was conducted with the four screened aerobic fermentation strains, and the product obtained was dried and crushed and undergone examination. The result showed that several indexes could meet the requirements of relevant standard regarding organic fertilizer issued by the Ministry of Agriculture with respect to effective visible cells, content of organic matter and moister, as well as the mortality of ascaris lumbricoides eggs.

关 键 词：菌株选育 餐厨垃圾 固态发酵 农用有机肥 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]