基于最小特性值的破碎机机构参数Matlab优化设计  

Optimal design for mechanism parameters of crusher based on minimum eigenvalue by matlab

作　　者：黄大明[1] 蒋顺梅 杨春兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学机械工程学院,南宁530004 [2]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司,柳州545007

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2012年第1期4-6,共3页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(桂科自0832025);广西南宁市科技项目(200901024A)

摘　　要：破碎机机构尺寸参数的设计是决定产品性能优劣的关键。选择了量大面广的PE600×900鄂式破碎机产品为研究对象,通过建立以动颚行程特性值最小为目标函数的优化数学模型,利用Mat-lab优化工具箱中的序列二次规划(SQP)算法,采用直接调用fmincon函数的方式,实现有约束条件下的破碎机机构尺寸参数优化问题的求解。对研究对象的优化结果显示,破碎机排料口处行程特性值为2.47,减小21.84%。其中,垂直行程由56.80mm减少到55.24mm,水平行程由17.99mm增大到22.36mm。机构的运动特性得到改善。既能够有效减轻齿板磨损,又可以显著提高破碎比及生产能力。计算结果表明,产品的生产能力由原来的49.59 m3/h提高到55.04m3/h,提高了18.11%,且传动角依然满足45°≤γ≤55°的要求。此外,优化后的偏心距为18.5mm,略有减小,既不影响破碎物料必要的水平行程,使物料得以充分破碎,又降低了工作时作用在曲柄销轴上的阻力矩,减少功率的消耗,达到节能降耗的目的。因此,该优化达到产品产能大、效率高、寿命长、能耗低、品质好的预期目标。The design of the crusher mechanism parameters is the key to determining product quality.This paper chooses the PE600×900 jaw crusher used extensively in the widespread production field as the research object,by establishing a optimization mathematical model with the minimum traveling eigenvalue of moving jaw as the objective function,making use of the sequential quadratic programming（SQP）algorithm of MATLAB optimal toolbox and adopting the way direct call fmincon function,the optimal solution of the crusher mechanism parameters could be found under constraint condition.The result of optimization shows that the output traveling eigenvalue of crusher is 2.47 and reduced by 21.84%.Thereinto,the vertical travel is reduced from 56.80mm to 55.24mm,the horizontal travel is increased from 17.99mm to 22.36mm.Therefore the kinematic characteristics of the mechanism are obviously improved in reducing wear of tooth plate effectively as well as improving crushing ratio and production capacity significantly.The calculation results show that not only the production capacity is raised from 49.59 m3/h to 55.04m3/h increased by 18.11% but also the transmission angle could meet the requirements ranging from 45°to 55°.Furthermore,optimal crank offset is 18.5mm,which reduced slightly,and the material can be fully broken without affecting the necessary horizontal travel breaking material,which resistance torque on the crank can also be reduced.Thus the power consumption of crusher is reduced and the energy saving and consumption reduction are realized.Above all,this optimization meet the requirements of advanced nature of products such as large capacity,high efficiency,long service life as well as low energy consumption and good quality.

关 键 词：最小特征值 破碎机 机构参数 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TQ172.611.2[化学工程—水泥工业]