我国九省眼病调查中江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤患病率调查  

Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Ji＇ an county of Jiangxi province： the China Nine-Province Survey

作　　者：易敬林[1] 罗荣[1] 赵家良[2] 谢晖[1] 白永泉[1] 杨海军[1] Leon B．Ellwein 赖平红[1] 李岚[1] 黄亮[1] 杜红岩[1] 王羽[4] 高学成[4] 陆宏[5] 

机构地区：[1]江西省人民医院眼科,南昌330006 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科 [3]美国国家眼科研究所 [4]国家卫生部医政司 [5]南通大学附属医院眼科

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2012年第6期524-529,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的调查江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2006年9至11月对江西省吉安县50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查。采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点，正式现场调查之前进行预试验，并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验。根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象，对受检人群进行视力和眼部检查。按年龄、性别、受教育程度分别计算盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率。各检测数据间的比较采用X。检验、趋势x。检验和优势比。结果在检录的5402人中，5010人接受并完成了检查，受检率为92．74％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类标准和最佳矫正视力计算，盲78例，患病率为1．56％；中、重度视力损伤265人，患病率为5．29％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类标准和日常生活视力计算，盲94例，患病率为1．88％；中、重度视力损伤726人，患病率为14．50％。以最佳矫正视力计算，高龄（趋势X2=970．15，P=0．000）、女性（χ2=89．81，P=0．000）和文盲（趋势χ2=241．85，P=0．000）人群的盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高。白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的首要原因，眼底病、角膜混浊及青光眼是致盲的重要原因，屈光不正是中、重度视力损伤的重要原因。结论江西省吉安县应特别关注高龄、女性及受教育程度较低人群的盲和中、重度视力损伤的防治，重视白内障、眼底病、角膜病、屈光不正及青光服的防治。Objective To investigate the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Ji＇an county of Jiangxi province, China. Methods It was a population-based cross-section study. Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in 5402 randomly selected individuals aged ≥50 years in 28 clusters in Ji＇an from September to November 2006. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits. Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9. 0. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity. Results Five thousands four hundreds and two individuals were enumerated and 5010 persons were examined,the response rate was 92. 74%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,78 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 265 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment were 1.56% and 5.29% respectively. Ninety-four persons were diagnosed as blindness, 726 persons were diagnosed as moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 1.88% and 14. 50% respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （trend χ2 = 970. 15, P = 0. 000）, female （χ2 = 89. 81, P = 0. 000 ）, and illiterate persons （trend χ2 = 241.85, P = 0. 000 ） . Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment, the retinal diseases was the seco

关 键 词：患病率 视觉障碍 白内障 中年人 老年人 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]