试论张载“太虚与气”关系的思想  

On Zhang Zai's Thought about the Relation between "Great Vacuity" and "Material Force"

作　　者：李晓春[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学哲学社会学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《甘肃联合大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第3期17-22,共6页Journal of Gansu Lianhe University:Social Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省社科规划项目"宋代天命之性与气质之性相互关系中蕴含的思维结构研究"研究成果;兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"太虚与糟粕--试论张载气论在北宋理气关系发展中的奠基地位"研究成果

摘　　要：张载提出"太虚"这个概念,其实是对中国传统中"无"的思想的一种继承;不过,张载的"太虚"既有承继了"无"的传统的本体论的意义,也具有"气"的演化的宇宙论的意义。"太虚"是起源,这很好理解,"太虚"是本体虽然理解起来有难度,不过也可以说得通,但"太虚"既是起源又是本体便必然会使它们之间产生一定的冲突,因为在本体论意义下的"太虚"与"气"的关系是与宇宙论意义下的"太虚"与"气"的关系有很大的不同的。这样,张载的"太虚与气"关系的思想就徘徊在宇宙论与本体论两条道路之间,这两条道路既互相排斥又互相补充。Zhang Zai puts forwards the concept “great vacuity”, which inherits the thought about “nothing” in Chinese tra- ditional thought. There is not only ontological meaning coming from traditional “nothing”but also cosmological meaning coming from evolution of“material force”in Zhang Zai＇s concept of “great vacuity”. It is easy to understand that “great vacuity”is the origin of the world, it also can be understood that “great vacuity” is the substance of the world, but there will be a conflict between “great Vacuity”in ontological meaning and “great vacuity” in cosmological meaning, because the relation between “great vacuity”and “material force” in ontological meaning is much different from the relation be- tween them in cosmological meaning. So based on the reasons mentioned before, Zhang Zai＇s thought about the relation between “great vacuity”and “material force” is hesitating between ontological road and cosmological road, and these two roads not only repel but also complement each other.

关 键 词：“太虚” “无” 本体论 宇宙论 

分 类 号：B244.4[哲学宗教—中国哲学]