LOV to BLUF： Flavoprotein Contributions to the Optogenetic Toolkit  

作　　者：John M. Christie Jayde Gawthorne Gillian Young Niall J. Fraser^c and Andrew J. Roe 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK [2]Institute of Infection, immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK [3]Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2012年第3期533-544,共12页分子植物（英文版）

摘　　要：Optogenetics is an emerging field that combines optical and genetic approaches to non-invasively interfere with cellular events with exquisite spatiotemporal control. Although it arose originally from neuroscience, optogenetics is widely applicable to the study of many different biological systems and the range of applications arising from this tech- nology continues to increase. Moreover, the repertoire of light-sensitive proteins used for devising new optogenetic tools is rapidly expanding. Light, Oxygen, or Voltage sensing （LOV） and Blue-Light-Utilizing flavin adenine dinucleotide （FAD） （BLUF） domains represent new contributors to the optogenetic toolkit. These small （100-140-amino acids） flavoprotein modules are derived from plant and bacterial photoreceptors that respond to UV-A/blue light. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in uncovering the photoactivation mechanisms of both LOV and BLUF domains. This knowledge has been applied in the design of synthetic photoswitches and fluorescent reporters with applications in cell biology and biotechnology. In this review, we summarize the photochemical properties of LOV and BLUF photosensors and highlight some of the recent advances in how these flavoproteins are being employed to artificially regulate and image a variety of biological processes.Optogenetics is an emerging field that combines optical and genetic approaches to non-invasively interfere with cellular events with exquisite spatiotemporal control. Although it arose originally from neuroscience, optogenetics is widely applicable to the study of many different biological systems and the range of applications arising from this tech- nology continues to increase. Moreover, the repertoire of light-sensitive proteins used for devising new optogenetic tools is rapidly expanding. Light, Oxygen, or Voltage sensing （LOV） and Blue-Light-Utilizing flavin adenine dinucleotide （FAD） （BLUF） domains represent new contributors to the optogenetic toolkit. These small （100-140-amino acids） flavoprotein modules are derived from plant and bacterial photoreceptors that respond to UV-A/blue light. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in uncovering the photoactivation mechanisms of both LOV and BLUF domains. This knowledge has been applied in the design of synthetic photoswitches and fluorescent reporters with applications in cell biology and biotechnology. In this review, we summarize the photochemical properties of LOV and BLUF photosensors and highlight some of the recent advances in how these flavoproteins are being employed to artificially regulate and image a variety of biological processes.

关 键 词：Blue-Light.Utilizing FAD CHROMOPHORE FLAVIN fluorescence light  oxygen or voltage OPTOGENETICS photo- receptor protein engineering 

分 类 号：Q550.1[生物学—生物化学] TP311.56[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]