固体发酵法固定工业废水处理优势菌的研究  

Solid fermentation by fixed dominant bacteria for industrial wastewater

作　　者：蔡昌凤[1] 孙菲[1] 唐传罡[1] 罗昌银[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学生物与化学工程学院,芜湖241000

出　　处：《工业微生物》2012年第3期61-67,共7页Industrial Microbiology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金重点资助(08040102002)

摘　　要：为实现优势菌种的工程应用,由焦化废水处理站污泥筛选优势好氧菌A和兼性厌氧菌F,使用谷壳g、豆皮d为载体,采用固体发酵法进行固定化产品制备。初步研究表明固体发酵法固定菌种具有可行性,主要调控因素有温度、初始含水率、工业废水比例、pH、通风量和发酵时间。以pH 8.0、温度好氧菌30℃(兼性厌氧菌35℃)、接种量1 mL_(菌液)/g_(固定化载体),初始含水量80%,固体发酵时间5 d,低于60℃鼓风干燥,制备固定化产品。保存三个月,谷壳固定化产品好氧菌A_g的硝化能力和兼性厌氧菌F_g的反硝化能力不随保存时间的延长而改变;豆皮固定化产品A_d、F_d降解能力随保存时间延长下降12%左右。以实验室A^2/O工艺系统验证固定化产品处理焦化废水效果,缺氧池中无NO_3^--N积累,反硝化作用明显。A_d和A_g对氰化物的去除率均达99%以上;对苯酚的去除效果A_g(98.84%)优于A_d(79.6%);但对NH_4^+-N的去除率A_d(75.46%)优于A_g(62.55%)。In order to achieve the engineering applications of dominant strain, a novel type of immobilized product by solid fermentation process was prepared by using of chaff （g） and yuba （d） as carriers, and facultative anaerobic bacteria （F） and aerobic bacteria （A） filtered from coke-plant wastewater treatment plant as dominant strains. The preliminary studies showed that the fixed strains by solid fermentation were feasible. The main regulatory factors were temperature, initial moisture content, the proportion of industrial wastewater, pH, ventilation rate, and fermentation time. The opti- mized conditions for solid state fermentation were as follows- pH of 8.0, temperature of 30 ℃ for aerobic bacteria （35 ℃ for facultative anaerobes）, and inoculum size of 1 mL/g. The fixed product was obtained under the optimized conditions by solid state fermentation： initial moisture content of 80 % （v/v）, solid state fermentation time of 5 days, blast dry tem- perature of lower than 60 12. After storage for three months, the nitrification capacity of aerobic bacteria and denitrifica- tion capacity of denitrification bacteria by hull fixed products remained constant with the increasing of storage time. The immobilized products of Yuba decreased slightly, the NH4 ＋ -N removal efficiency decreased 11.02% by Aa, NO3--N degradability decreased 12.52 % by Fd. A laboratory scale of A2/O process verified the treatment efficiency for coke-plant wastewater by Yuba and hull fixed products. Moreover, NOa--N accumulation phenomenon was not observed, present- ing an obvious denitrification effect. The cyanide removal efficiency by both Ad and Agreached more than 99% ; the phenol degradation revealed a better removal efficiency of 98.84 % by Ag than that of 79.6 % by Ad. However, the NH4 ＋ - N removal efficiency by Aaof 75.46 % was better than that by Ag of 62.55 %.

关 键 词：固体发酵 固定化 脱氮菌 焦化废水 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]