普通中学生的家庭教养方式及其与职高生的异同  

The Parenting Style for Ordinary High School Students in Comparison with That for Vocational Senior High School Students

作　　者：刘国雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2012年第6期69-74,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(批准号:CBA080236);国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:31100752);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究基金(批准号:08SJBXLS0002)

摘　　要：采用修订的《家庭教养方式调查表》测查了470名普通中学生的家庭教养方式,并探讨了其中247名普通高中生家庭教养方式与321名职高生家庭教养方式的异同。结果显示,由24道题组成的调查表具有较好的一致性和效度;普通高中生父母对子女的要求程度和关心程度都显著低于初中生,父母对子女的要求程度显著高于其关心程度;尽管母亲对中学男女生的教养方式没有明显差异,父亲对男生尤其是高中男生的要求程度、对女生尤其是初中女生的关心程度都明显高一些;结合两个维度对中学生家庭教养方式进行诊断之后发现,采取放任型教养方式的父母的文化程度偏低,而权威型和溺爱型的父母文化程度则较高。应用该调查表对职业高中生的测查发现了类似的规律,但职高生父母对子女的关心程度明显高于其要求程度,这与普高生父母的做法刚好相反;尽管他们采用权威型教养方式的比例差别不大,但有更多的职高生父母采取了放任型和溺爱型的教养方式,采取专制型教养方式的职高生父母相对更少。This study, by using the revised Questionnaire on Parenting Styles to survey 470 ordinary high school students＇ parenting styles, aims to compare 247 ordinary senior high school students＇ parenting styles with 321 vocational senior high school students＇. The results show the following： the Questionnaire, which contains 24 questions, demonstrates proper consistency and validity; the ordinary senior high school students＇ parents show a much lower degree of strictness with and solicitude for their children than the ordinary junior high school students＇ parents, and all these parents usually show a higher degree of strictness with their children than of solicitude for their children; the mothers＇ parenting styles show no significant difference, but the fathers show a higher degree of strictness with their sons （especially when their sons attend a senior high school）, and a higher degree of solic- itude for their daughters （especially when their daughters attend a junior high school）; the parents who are per- missive about child education show a lower level of educational background than those who educate their children in an authoritative manner or show overindulgence in child spoiling; contrary to the ordinary senior high school students＇ parents, the vocational senior high school students＇ parents show a significantly higher degree of solici- tude for their children than of strictness with their children; a small percentage of parents of vocational senior high school students educate their children in an authoritative manner, but more parents of vocational senior high school students are permissive about child education or show overindulgence in child spoiling, and fewer parents of vocational senior high school students take an autocratic attitude towards their children.

关 键 词：教养方式 青少年 权威型 专制型 溺爱型放 任型 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]