我国研究生教育制度的历史沿革、现存问题与改革方向  

The History,Current Issues and Reform Orientation of China's Graduate Education

作　　者：洪煜[1] 钟秉林[2] 赵应生[1] 张筱茜[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学高等教育研究所,博士研究生北京100875 [2]北京师范大学,校长教授北京100875 [3]北京师范大学教育管理学院,硕士研究生北京100875

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2012年第7期41-46,共6页China Higher Education Research

摘　　要：我国研究生教育起步较早,自民国时期诞生以来,先后经历了初创阶段、规范发展、恢复和稳步发展、快速发展等4个阶段。当前,我国已成为研究生教育大国,但研究生教育仍存在与经济社会发展脱节、入学选拔难以适应高层次人才培养需求、培养质量不高、学位授权制度尚待完善、经费投入保障机制不健全、社会评价机制缺失等诸多问题,改革势在必行。今后,要落实高校招生自主权,提高人才选拔的多样性、有效性;加快学科设置与学位授权制度改革,引导各校研究生教育准确定位和特色发展;优化研究生教育结构,增强对经济社会发展的适应性;加快以导师制为核心的培养模式改革,全面提升研究生教育质量;改革成本分担机制,建立稳定的经费保障机制;进一步完善研究生教育质量评价体系,建立客观公正的评价机制。China＇s Graduate Education was bom in the Republican period, and has gone through four stages： the initial development era, specification development era, recovery and steady development era, rapid development era. At present, Although China has made great scale of graduate education, but there are still many issues in graduate education, such as： remains out of touch with economic and social development, admission selection could not adapt to the needs of training talented students, education quality is unsatisfactory, degree authorization system stiU need to be improved, funding mechanism is imperfect, lack of social evaluation mechanisms. Reform is imperative. In the future, it should be necessary to protect the autonomy of university enrollment; improve the effectiveness and diversity of admission selection; speed up the reform of subject classification and degree authorization system; lead graduate schools to accurate targeting and develop their own characteristics; optimize the structure of graduate education; enhance adaptability to the economic and social development; speed up the reform of graduate education mode which the core is mentoring system; establish a cost-sharing mechanism to gain stable funding; improve graduate education quality evaluation mechanisms to establish an objective and impartial evaluation system.

关 键 词：研究生教育 历史沿革 现状问题 改革方向 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]