变筋温度对烤烟新品种NC55生理指标及烟叶质量的影响  

Effect of Muscle-yellowing Temperature on Biochemical Changes and Leaf Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco NC55

作　　者：孙帅帅[1,2] 孙福山[1] 王爱华[1] 徐秀红[1] 王松峰[1] 王传义[1] 王全明[1,2] 张国超[1,2] 廖和明 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2012年第3期72-76,共5页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局“密集烘烤烟叶烤香技术及其精准烘烤工艺研究与应用”(110200902069);山东省烟草公司“山东主栽品种烟叶密集烘烤烤香精准工艺研究”(201011);四川省烟草公司“智能化密集烘烤设备和工艺的优化研究与应用”(200901014)

摘　　要：对烤烟新品种NC55设置了3个不同的变筋温度处理,分析比较了烘烤过程中烟叶水分、色素、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶等指标变化及烤后烟叶外观特征、主要经济性状和中性致香物质含量的差异。结果表明,47℃处理的淀粉酶活性较稳定,淀粉降解充分;多酚氧化酶活性较低,烤后烟叶淀粉含量低,总糖、还原糖含量高;橘黄烟比例、中上等烟比例、均价较高,中性致香物质总量也较高。49℃变筋处理水分散失明显快于45℃、47℃处理,影响了中性香气物质的生成;45℃处理多酚氧化酶活性较47℃、49℃处理高,使得杂色烟明显增多。综合来看,47℃变筋温度更有利于NC55品种烟叶香气物质的产生和质量的提升。In order to determine the best muscle-yellowing temperature for flue-cured tobacco variety NC55, three muscle-yellowing temperatures （45, 47 and 49℃） were tested. The physiological and biochemical changes of each treatment such as water, pigment, amylase, polyphenol oxidase during bulk curing, appearance quality of cured tobacco leaves were analyzed and compared. The results showed that 47℃ muscle-yellowing temperature treatment had stable amylase activity, fully starch degradation, low polyphenol oxidase activity, low starch content in cured tobacco leaves, high total sugar and reducing sugar contents, orange tobacco, average price, high-middle-quality ratio, high neutral aroma components. Water-loss rate under 49℃ muscle-yellowing temperature treatment was obviously faster than 45℃, 47℃ treatments, thus affecting the formation of neutral aroma components to some extent. Polyphenol oxidase activity under 45℃ muscle-yellowing temperature treatment was higher than those of 47℃ and 49℃ treatments, resulting in more variegated leaves. Considering appearance quality and inner chemical quality, 47℃ muscle-yellowing temperature treatment is beneficial to producing more aromatic matter and improving the quality, is more suitable for flue-cured tobacco NC55.

关 键 词：烟草 变筋温度 NC55 生理生化 烟叶质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]