二级增压重型柴油机排放和燃烧特性的试验研究  

Experimental Investigation on Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of Two-Stage Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

作　　者：袁锋[1] 郑尊清[1] 尧命发[1] 陈贵升[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2012年第4期9-16,21,共9页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB210002);国家国际科技合作项目(2010DFA74530)

摘　　要：在一台电控高压共轨柴油机上进行二级增压优化匹配,并以单级增压作为对比基准,分析了不同工况下二级增压柴油机的性能、排放与燃烧特性,研究了进气温度对其的影响。试验结果表明:相对单级增压,柴油机二级增压后低速外特性扭矩达到1 170N.m,烟度与燃油经济性改善幅度分别为99.3%和13.4%;二级增压能够提高EGR的引入能力,减小进气节流损失,并可显著改善中低转速、高负荷时NOx与烟度和燃油消耗率之间的平衡关系;在压气机特性图中二级增压柴油机的运行线远离喘振边界线;在各个工况下,进气温度升高使NOx比排放快速增加,导致柴油机NOx与烟度之间的平衡关系变差。Two-stage turbocharging optimization matching test of an electron-controlled common rail diesel engine was conducted, engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of two-stage turbocharged diesel engine in various operation conditions were analyzed, and the effects of inlet charge temperature on them were studied. The results show that compared to one-stage turbocharging, full-load torque of two-stage turbocharging at low speed can be increased to 1 170 N. m and PM emission and fuel economy can be improved up to 99, 3% and 13.4% respectively. Two-stage turbocharing raises ability of EGR introduction, thus lowering inlet throttle losses. Meanwhile, NOx-PM and NOx-BSFC trades-off are improved significantly at high load and low-medium speed. The operating lines on compressor map for two- stage turbocharged diesel engine become far from the surge line. In addition, higher inlet charge temperature leads to rapid increase of NOx emissions and deterioration of the NOx-PM trade-off relationship under all operating conditions.

关 键 词：内燃机 直喷式柴油机 二级增压 排放 废气再循环 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：TK421.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]