不同草菇栽培菌株的比较  

Comparative Study of Twenty-four Volvariella volvacea Cultivars

作　　者：王玮[1] 林俊芳[1,2] 聂斐[1] 郭丽琼[1,2] 孙萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学生物质能研究所,广东广州510642

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2012年第2期59-62,共4页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(编号:200903008-09);广东省教育部产学研项目(编号:2011B090400412)的部分研究内容

摘　　要：对中国不同地区的24个草菇栽培菌株的子实体颜色、菌膜厚度、菌柄形态及着生方式、菌托形态和生物转化率进行比较,结果表明:不同的草菇栽培菌株子实体形态存在差异,子实体的蛋型期颜色呈现深灰色、灰色和灰白色,以灰色居多;成熟期呈现灰色和灰白色,同样以灰色居多。V365菌膜最厚,为2.75mm;单生草菇菌膜最薄,仅为0.95mm。菌柄有2种形态:上细下粗和基本等粗,菌托有3种形态:圆筒形、两瓣形和三瓣形;菌柄着生方式包括菌柄中生和菌柄偏生。不同菌株的生物转化率也存在差异,其中V365生物转化率最高,达48.6%;A8最低,仅有3.1%。Twenty-four Volvariella volvacea cultivars collected from different areas of China were compared in terms of fruit body color,thickness of the universal veil,stipe and volva shape,and biological efficiency values.Egg stage fruit bodies were colored gray（13/24）,gray-white（4/14） or dark-gray（7/24）,while mature fruit bodies were either gray（20/24） or gray-white（4/24）.Veils varied in thickness from 2.75 mm（strain V365） to 0.95 mm（Dansheng strain）.The stipe was positioned centrally or laterally relative to the pileus,and was either tapered from a wide base to a narrower apex or relatively uniform in diameter along the entire length.The volva formed an intact cylinder around the stipe,or was split at the upper surface to form either a double-pointed or three-pointed structure.Biological efficiency values obtained on a cotton waste growth substrate ranged from 48.6%（strain V365） to 3.1%（strain A8）.

关 键 词：草菇 子实体 形态特征 生物转化率 

分 类 号：S646.13[农业科学—蔬菜学]