连体修饰节中「～ような」的意义及介入条件——与中文“好像”之比较  

The Meaning and Intervention Conditions of 「～ような」in the Noun-modifying Clause——A Comparison with the Chinese Word“好像”

作　　者：陈丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2012年第4期28-36,共9页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：森山(1995)中指出「,～ようだ」的连体形「～ような」具有多义性,可归纳为推断、比喻比况和列举三种意义。并且,当「～ような」表示推断的意义出现在连体修饰节时,被修饰的名词如「様子·跡·印象」之类,本身就表示「判断根拠としての状況」。而本文对其中「～ような」具有表示推断的意义这一观点持有不同意见。对此,本文在出现在句末的助动词「～ようだ」具有表示样态的意义的基础上,从两者具有相同表达特征出发,提出其连体形「～ような」同样具有表示样态的意义。并通过与中文的"好像"进行比较,指出表示样态意义的「～ような」和"好像"出现在连体修饰节时受到修饰语和被修饰语的影响和制约。Moriyama claimed in 1995 that 「 ～ような」which is the realis form of「 ～ようだ」,was polysemous and embodied in three basic meanings：surmise,metaphor,and enumeration.He also pointed out that when「～ような」expressed the meaning of surmise in the noun-modifying clause,the modified nouns such as「様子·跡·印象」themselves can stand for the basis of making a judgment.This paper agrees on the polysemy of「～ような」,but argues that its surmise meaning still has to be explored thoroughly.On the possibility of the two expressions having the same characteristic,it is shown tha「t～ような」 can express the meaning of modality in the same way with the auxiliary「～ようだ」which appears at the end of a sentence.By comparing with the Chinese word＂好像＂,it is assumed that when「 ～ような」expresses the meaning of modality in the noun-modifying clause,it is the same as＂好像＂in Chinese,under much influence and constraint of both the modifier and the modified.

关 键 词：连体修饰节 ような 好像 样态 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]