气垫车并行双环控制系统设计  

Design of a Parallel Double-Loop Control System for Air-Cushion Vehicles

作　　者：许烁[1] 罗哲[2] 喻凡[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学机电工程与自动化学院,上海200072 [2]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报》2012年第8期1284-1290,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50675135);上海大学科技创新基金(A.10-0109-11-003)

摘　　要：针对车速和载荷分配比分别作为气垫车驱动系统和垫升系统的独立控制变量具有不同的控制要求和目标值更新频率但均可对能耗产生影响的特点,设计了以模糊PID控制器为核心的并行双环控制系统.其中:车速控制跟踪瞬态目标值,目标值更新频率较高,因而设计更加注重动态性能;载荷分配比控制跟踪稳态目标值,目标值更新频率较低,因而设计更加注重静态性能.从减小能耗的角度出发,在载荷分配比控制中考虑了滑转率(车速相关量)的影响,反映出参数协调控制的思想.仿真试验结果表明:在所设计控制系统的作用下,气垫车能够顺利抵达目的地并实现软着陆;车速控制表现出良好的动态性能,有利于提高车辆的安全性;载荷分配比控制表现出良好的静态性能,有利于降低车辆能耗.Linear/angular velocities and load distribution ratio could act as control variables for the propul- sion system and the lifting system of an air-cushion vehicle （ACV）, respectively. They are independent in control and different in terms of control requirements and update frequencies for control objectives, but are both able to impact energy consumption. A parallel double-loop control system cored with fuzzy-PID con- trollers was designed to match these features, in which, velocity control tracks an instantaneous objective with a high update frequency, so that dynamic performance is paid more attention to; instead, load distri- bution radio control tracks a steady-state objective with a low update frequency and thus more importance is attached to static performance; besides, for the latter, the impact of slip ratio （a running variable rele- vant to velocities） is taken into account to reduce energy consumption, reflecting the idea of parameter co- ordinated control. The simulation results show that the ACV prototype can, under control, reach the des- tination with soft-landing. The velocity control presents a good dynamic performance so as to benefit the vehicle＇s safety, and the load distribution ratio control manifests a good static performance so as to de- crease energy consumption.

关 键 词：气垫车 并行双环控制 模糊PID控制 协调控制 

分 类 号：U469.73[机械工程—车辆工程] TP273[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]