65例学生自杀行为原因分析  

Analysis of the suicidal behavior reasons for 65 students

作　　者：单怀海[1] 李国瑞[2] 李正云 

机构地区：[1]上海市徐汇区精神卫生中心,上海200232 [2]上海市华东师范大学心理学系,上海200062 [3]上海市师范大学心理学系,上海200234

出　　处：《上海医药》2012年第16期47-50,共4页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：国家教育部重大攻关项目"当代中国人精神生活调查研究"(03JZD0026)资助

摘　　要：目的:通过对学生自杀行为的调查与评估,分析学生自杀行为的原因。方法:本项调查使用自编的自杀行为调查登记表,对自杀未遂者和其家属,或者其他求助者与陪同者进行逐项询问并登记,内容包括学生自杀行为的基本信息和相关因素。结果:65名学生中,男性25例(38.5%),女性40例(61.5%),本次自杀时年龄12～35岁,本次自杀平均年龄为(19.56±15.24)岁。18例(27.7%)诊断为精神疾病,59例(90.7%)在本次自杀前1个月遭遇了明显的生活事件和心理应激,跳楼和服用药物及其他化学物质是最常见的自杀方法,分别占49.2%和23.1%。结论:精神疾病依然是学校学生自杀行为最常见的危险因素,学生自杀前遭遇的生活事件和心理应激是诱发学生自杀的主要因素。建议学校加强对学生的心理健康教育,提高学生的心理健康水平。发现有自杀企图的学生,应及时进行心理疏导,降低学生自杀率。Objective： This is a preliminary survey whose aim is to assess and analyze the causes of the student suicide behavior. Method： The self-designed survey registration form of suicide behavior for the students was used to interview all the attempted suicide students and their family members, or other callers and escorts item by item and register all the information. The content included the basic information and related factors of student suicidal behavior. Result： Total of 65 cases： 40 cases （ 61.5% ） were female, 25 cases （ 38.5% ）male. The suicidal age was from 12-35 years old. The mean age of the suicide in this survey was 19.56±15.24 years. 18 cases （27.7%） were diagnosed as mental disorders. The 59 cases （90.7%） were encountered by the significant life events and the psychological stress before the suicide behavior occurred a month ago. Jumping from high places, ingesting drugs or other chemical substances were the main methods for the suicide, which accounted for 49.2% and 23.1% respectively. Conclusion： The mental disorders were still the common risk factors of the suicide behavior for the students. The significant life events encountered and the psychological stress which induced suicide were the main factors. We suggest that the schools should strengthen the psychological health education to the students to enhance the student psychological health levels. If anyone finds the student attempting suicide, the psychological counseling should be provided without delay to reduce the student suicide rate.

关 键 词：学校学生 自杀行为 自杀未遂 自杀干预 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学] R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]