基于特定赛道的方程式赛车转向梯形优化与虚拟试验  

Optimization and Virtual Test of Steering Trapezoid of Formula Racing Car based on Particular Race Track

作　　者：陈思忠[1] 倪俊[1] 吴志成[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081

出　　处：《机械传动》2012年第9期67-70,共4页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家部委预研基金(C2220061355)

摘　　要：以对某方程式赛车的转向梯形传动机构进行优化为目的,基于转向梯形的运动学特性,及对赛车在特定赛道上比赛时传感器所采集的方向盘转角数据的分析,通过引入加权因子建立了以理想Ackerman几何关系为目标函数的优化模型,利用非线性最小二乘法进行了优化。并通过机械系统仿真软件ADAMS建立了赛车的虚拟样机整车模型,在通过试验验证其准确度的基础上,对优化前后的赛车的操纵特性进行了对比。虚拟试验结果表明,优化后的赛车不足转向特性略有加大,同时转向时前轮距变化幅度变小,转向时外侧车轮更加垂直于地面从而可以提供更大的侧向力,并且轮胎跳动时的前束角变化幅度变小。为同类赛车的转向梯形设计提供了借鉴。In order to optimize the steering trapezoid of formula racing car,based on the kinematics characteristics of the steering trapezoid,as well the data of steering angle collected by data logger in the race,the mathematics model as the goal of ideal Ackerman geometrical relationship is built by the introduction of weight factors,then the optimization is performed by using nonlinear least square method.By applying mechanical system simulation software ADAMS,the whole model of racing car is built,and its accuracy is verified by the experiment,then the comparison of the handling characteristics is performed.The virtual test shows that,after optimization,the tendency to understeer of the racing car is aggravated,the rangeability of wheel track decreases and the outer tire can provide more lateral force because the increase of verticality to the ground,and the rangeability of toe angle decreases when tires jump.It provides reference for the design of steering trapezoid of racing car.

关 键 词：方程式赛车 转向梯形 优化 ADAMS 虚拟试验 

分 类 号：U467[机械工程—车辆工程]