汉语访谈话语中“你”的非听话人所指用法  

The Usage of "Ni" as a Non-hearer Reference Form in Chinese Interviews

作　　者：刘礼进[1] 熊绍丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心/英文学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《汉语学习》2012年第5期17-27,共11页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"汉英篇章视点回指的语用学探析"(项目编号:10YJA740063)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要："你"的非听话人所指主要就是泛指,虚指用法很不普遍。本文着重考察汉语电视访谈语料中互动语境下"你"的泛指用法,主要涉及以下两个方面:一是在说话人个人经历描述中泛指的"你"常与特指的"我"抑或"她/他"换用,以达到最佳交际效果;二是泛指的"你"常参与描述普遍性知识,以产生富有知识权利的一定成员资格范畴。分析显示,泛指性"你"是由改变距离、吸引参与、引起移情、展示客观性等交际需求驱动的,而这一切都是为了增强话语叙述的权威性和可信性。As a non-hearer reference form,＂ni＂ non-reference. This corpus of Chinese paper focuses on TV interviews. We sive switching between generic ＂ni＂ generalized is used primarily generically,and rarely ＂hi＂ in the interactional context within a chiefly consider its uses in two aspects： Firstly,discur- and specific wo or ta often occurs in the description of privileged personal experience by the speaker,to make interaction more effective. Secondly, generalized ＂ni＂ tends to participate in＂general knowledge description＂where it tunctions particularly to invoke a membership category with certain knowledge entitlements. Our analysis shows that generalized uses of ＂hi＂ are motivated by the need to allow the speaker to al- ter distance,recruit involvement,engage sympathy and display objectivity,all of which serve to enhance the authority and credibility of the account being produced in the interaction.

关 键 词：非说话人所指 泛指性“你” 成员资格范畴 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]