PDCA循环在标准预防中的应用  

Application of PDCA cycle in standard precaution

作　　者：陈佩[1] 王红萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院护理部,上海200092 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院急救中心,上海200092

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第19期4314-4316,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：上海交通大学医学院科技基金(Jhy1015)

摘　　要：目的运用计划-实施-检查-处理(PDCA)循环提高急诊科护士对标准预防知识的认知度和标准预防行为依从性,降低医务人员职业暴露。方法通过问卷调查、现场观察,了解急诊科护士对标准预防知识的知晓和标准预防执行情况,同时对护士进行访谈,了解其对执行标准预防的困难和建议,最后运用PDCA循环制定相应的计划,并组织实施、检查,对检查结果进行修正和处理。结果培训该院急诊科注册护士139人,理论考试合格率为97.84%,操作考试合格率为100.00%;参加培训的护士对标准预防知识的认知度有明显提高(P<0.05);实施PDCA循环后,护士洗手、戴口罩和手套依从性最高,为100.00%;护士对标准预防知识知晓率和标准预防行为依从性均有提高,针刺伤下降56.1%。结论 PDCA循环在标准预防中作用是明显的,但在执行过程中要体现持续改进,使循环不断提升。OBJECTIVE To explore the use of PDCA cycle to improve the emergency department nurses′ awareness and the compliance to the standard precaution,therefore decrease the occupational exposure among medical personnel.METHODS A questionnaire survey and field observations were conducted to learn about emergency nurses′ awareness and the implementation of standard precaution,while the nurses were interviewed about their difficulties and suggestions for the implementation of standard precaution,finally the appropriate plan was developed according to the PDCA cycle to implement,inspect,correct and revise the standard precaution.RESULTS Of 139 registered nurses in emergency department who were enrolled in the training,the qualified rate of the theoretical examination was 97.84%,operation examination 100.0%;the awareness about standard precaution of the nurses who participated in the training was significantly improved;the compliance rates of hand washing and mask and gloves wearing were the highest（100.0%）;both the awareness of standard precaution and the compliance of standard precaution behaviors were improved,the rate of needle injuries decreased by 56.1%.CONCLUSION PDCA cycle plays a significant role in the implementation of standard precaution,while the process should reflect the continuous improvement and make the cycle constantly improved.

关 键 词：PDCA循环 急诊科 护士 标准预防 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]