野生和养殖鲤鱼肌肉营养成分的比较研究  

Comparison and Analysis of Nutrient Component in Muscles between Wild and Farmed Cyprinus carpio

作　　者：过正乾[1] 蒋飞[1] 许祥[1] 程汉良[1] 程玉龙 孙加赋 王假真 吴光圣 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院海洋学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]陕西省渔业公司,陕西西安710014 [3]扬州高邮湖生态渔业有限公司,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第31期15292-15294,15296,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(10KJA240002);教育部特色专业建设点专项(TS11446)

摘　　要：对野生和养殖鲤鱼肌肉常规营养成分、氨基酸含量和脂肪酸组成进行了测定和比较。常规营养成分测定结果表明,野生鲤鱼肌肉中粗蛋白含量显著高于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.01),而粗脂肪含量显著低于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.05)。氨基酸含量测定结果表明,野生鲤鱼氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量显著高于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.05),鲜味氨基酸总量差异不显著。脂肪酸组成测定结果表明,野生和养殖鲤鱼肌肉中均含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸(UFA),分别占脂肪酸总量的95.63%和87.96%,野生和养殖鲤鱼肌肉脂肪酸组成有较大差异,野生鲤鱼肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)总量显著低于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.01);而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)总量显著高于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.01)。同时,野生与养殖鲤鱼肌肉中n-3和n-6族多不饱和脂肪酸组成有较大差异,野生鲤鱼n-3和n-6族多不饱和脂肪酸总量均显著高于养殖鲤鱼(P<0.01),表明鲤鱼饲料配方中n-3和n-6族多不饱和脂肪酸的添加量可能不足。总的来说,野生鲤鱼肌肉的营养价值稍优于养殖鲤鱼。The nutrient component,amino acid content and fatty acid component in muscles of wild and farmed common carp were analyzed by routine methods.The results showed that the content of crude protein in muscle of wild common carp was significantly higher than that of farmed common carp（P0.01）,and the content of crude fat was significantly lower than that of farmed common carp（P〈0.05）.A total of 18 amino acids was detected in muscles of common carp,the total contents of amino acids and essential amino acids in muscle of wild common carp were significantly higher than that of farmed common carp（P〈0.05）,but the total content of tasty amino acids was no significant difference between wild and farmed common carp.The total contents of unsaturated fatty acids（UFA） in muscle of wild and farmed common carp were 95.63% and 87.96% respectively,which were higher than that of saturated fatty acids（SFA）.But some differences in fatty acids component were found in muscle between wild and farmed common carp.The total contents of SFA and mono-unsaturated fatty acids（MUFA） in muscle of wild common carp were significantly lower than that of farmed common carp（P0.01）,and the total content of poly unsaturated fatty acids（PUFA） was significantly higher than that of farmed common carp（P0.01）.Meanwhile,the total contents of n-3 and n-6 PUFA in muscle of wild common carp were significantly higher than that of farmed common carp（P0.01）.The result demonstrated that the addition of n-3 and n-6 PUFA in diet of farmed common carp may be not enough.Considering collectively the above experimental results,it can be concluded that the muscle of wild common carp has slightly better nutritional value than that of farmed common carp.

关 键 词：鲤鱼 营养成分 脂肪酸 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]