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作 者:杨宇峰[1,2,3] 王庆[1,2,3] 聂湘平[1,2,3] 王朝晖[1,2,3]
机构地区:[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所 [2]水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东省教育厅重点实验室 [3]热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心,广东广州510632
出 处:《暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版)》2012年第5期531-541,共11页Journal of Jinan University(Natural Science & Medicine Edition)
基 金:国家科技支撑项目(2012BAC07B05;2012BAD18B01);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41173079);暨南大学科研培育项目(21612106)
摘 要:在过去的30年中,海水养殖对国民经济的发展、全球粮食供应和粮食安全作出了重要贡献.2009年世界海水养殖产量达3.921×107t,亚洲是世界海水养殖的主要生产基地,占世界总产量的88.2%,产值占世界海水养殖总产值的58.51%;中国海水养殖产量多年位居世界第一.海水养殖在迅猛发展的同时带来了诸多环境问题,如养殖水域环境恶化,自身污染加剧,富营养化趋势日趋严重,赤潮频发,渔药滥用导致药物残留和水产品质量安全等一系列环境问题.本文着重分析了大型海藻在海水养殖环境中的生物修复作用和海水养殖产品质量安全控制问题,倡导建立基于生态系统的海水养殖环境管理体系.In the past 30 years, maricuhure has made important contributions to the national economy of China, to the security of food resources and the global food supply. Global mariculture production reached 39.21 million tons in 2009. Asia accounts for 88.2% of the world output and is, therefore, the world's major mariculture production base. However, maricuhure economic output in Asia is only 58.51% of world mariculture economy. Chinese maricuhure has ranked first in the world for many years. The rapid development of maricuhure in China and elsewhere is accompanied by environmental degrada- tion, heavy pollution, eutrophication, drug residues and red tides among other problems. This paper is an analysis of the status of the development of world maricuhure, of maricuhure ecosystems and of the main environmental problems caused by maricuhure industry. We have focused on the role of bioremediation by large-scale seaweed cultivation in improving the quality and safety of the products in the maricul- ture areas. Also we advocate the establishment of an ecosystem-based maricuhure environment management system.
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