净水厂处理前端放养鲢鱼对藻类的去除特性及相关因素研究  

Characters and key factors of algae removal performance-using silver carp in front of waterworks

作　　者：马华[1] 崔福义[1] 范振强[2] 刘志泉[1] 赵志伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]华北水利水电学院环境与市政工程学院,郑州450011

出　　处：《给水排水》2012年第11期34-38,共5页Water & Wastewater Engineering

摘　　要：采用滤食性鱼类控制原水中藻类这种长期存在的生物污染受到了广泛关注。对连续两年在净水厂处理前端放养鲢鱼去除藻类的效能进行分析,结果表明可有效控制高藻期原水中优势蓝藻——水华微囊藻含量,放养鲢鱼对原水藻类有"削峰"作用,该作用是通过鲢鱼对水华微囊藻的高效滤除来实现的。当鲢鱼生物量较高(61g/m3)时,在高藻期和非高藻期,预沉池出水中藻类大部分时间均能控制在2.00×107个/L以下。原水中优势藻类是否是能够被鲢鱼有效滤食的群体性微囊藻以及控制适宜的鲢鱼生物量,是采用鲢鱼控制藻类成功的关键因素。针对不同的水体停留时间和原水微囊藻含量,可通过模型计算和现场试验相结合来确定最佳鲢鱼放养量,进而达到最佳的藻类控制效能。The technology using filter-feeding fish to control the algae which is a long lasting biological pollution in raw water has been a hot topic.An analysis was carried out feeding silver carp in a pre-existing pond in water treatment plant in two years.The results showed this method could effectively control the predominant blue-green algae in raw water.The peaks of microcystis bloom were remarkably whittled by effective filter-feeding of silver carp for microcystis flos-aquae in raw water during microcystis-dominated period.When the biomass of silver carp was above 61 g/m3,total algae concentrations in effluent were kept at a relatively low level（below 2.00×107 cells/L） most of time during microcystis-dominated and non-microcystis-dominated periods.Analysis of dominant species in influent and effluent together with the changes of silver carp density indicated that whether the dominant species in raw water could be filter-fed by silver carp and controlling the silver carp biomass in an optimal stocking range were two key factors for the technology of promoting biological filter-feeding by silver carp to control algae in raw water.For a pond with specific HRT and microcystis concentration,the optimal stocking quantity of silver carp can be obtained by modeling and site experiments so as to achieve a satisfying performance of algae removal.

关 键 词：净水厂 预处理 鲢鱼 微囊藻 滤食 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]