政治改造背景下陈鹤琴的生活和思想  

Chen Heqin's Living and Thinking during Political Reconstruction Movement

作　　者：刘晓东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地南京师范大学道德教育研究所 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2012年第6期80-88,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十一五”规划一般课题(BAA080015)

摘　　要：新中国成立后,陈鹤琴的活教育理论长期受到严厉批判,陈鹤琴被迫对杜威学说和自己的思想进行了全面的自我批判和彻底否定。值得注意的是,一方面,陈鹤琴努力按照政治改造的标准来改造自己,多次批判、否定自己的学说,努力使自己适应特定的意识形态的要求,直到生命的最后一刻。另一方面,他默默地自豪和沉醉于自己过去的教育工作和学术思想,一旦有时机,便试图捍卫自己的思想体系。这两个方面如此紧张地对立,却又时刻缠绕陈鹤琴的后半生。陈鹤琴后半生未能将前半生所学所成用于中国儿童教育的改造和建设,而是耗尽于后来被认定为错误的批判与自我批判上。这是其个人悲剧,更应视为民族的悲剧、历史的悲剧。但愿对陈鹤琴后半生的研究对中国的改革开放事业有所警示并有所促进。After the liberation, Chen Heqin was severely criticized for his theory of living education and forced to criticize and renounce Dewey＇s thoughts as well as his own theory comprehensively. It is noteworthy that there were two clues intertwined with each other in the second half of Chen＇s life. First, he made efforts to re- construct himself politically and criticize his own theory in accordance with the standard of political reconstruc- tion movement until the last moment of his life; theory, even trying to defend his own thoughts if second, in private he was proud of and indulged in his own possible. These two clues are in bitter conflicts with each other. This is Chen Heqin＇s personal tragedy, but it should also be regarded as a national tragedy and a historical tragedy as well.

关 键 词：陈鹤琴研究 儿童教育 活教育 政治改造 

分 类 号：G40-092[文化科学—教育学原理]