汉语颠倒词加工中重复知盲发生的水平  

Levels of Processing for Repetition Blindness:Evidence from Chinese Reversed Words

作　　者：夏依婷[1,2] 冷英[1,3] 陈燕[1] 王纪妹[1] 程晓荣[4] 卢家楣[3] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学教育科学学院,南通226007 [2]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715 [3]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234 [4]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理学报》2012年第12期1583-1595,共13页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(08JAXLX006);第51批中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2012M510866);国家自然科学基金项目(31170997、31170979);华中师范大学中央高校科研基本业务费(CCNU11A01037)资助

摘　　要：以汉语中的颠倒词为材料,探讨汉语重复知盲的发生水平。采用RSVP方式呈现包含颠倒词对(C1和C2)的句子列表或词语列表,让被试对列表中的词进行全部报告或报告是否存在重复词,记录报告C2的正确率。三个实验采用3(词语的重复性:颠倒重复、完全重复、不重复)×2(颠倒词对的意义相似性:意义不同、意义相似)两因素被试内设计,结果在全部报告和报告是否存在重复词的实验中都出现重复性和意义相似性的交互效应,但不同实验任务,数据模式不同。该结果表明,在RSVP任务中,汉语颠倒词加工存在RB效应,该效应产生的水平受制于不同的实验任务,在部分报告任务中,颠倒词的RB效应发生在知觉水平,在全部报告任务中,颠倒词的RB效应发生在语义水平。Repetition blindness （RB） refers to the reduced performance in reporting a repeated item in a rapid serial visual presentation （RSVP） （Kanwisher, 1987; Kanwisher ＆ Potter, 1989; Luo ＆ Caramazza, 1995）. The processing level at which the detecting deficit for the repeated item （C2） occurs is still under argument. For example, Token Individuation Theory （Kanwisher, 1987, 1991; Kanwisher ＆ Potter, 1989, 1990） proposed that the repeated items were recognized as types but not individuated as tokens, suggesting that repetition blindness occurred at the perception level. While the Construction and Attribution Theory （Masson, 2004; Whittlesea ＆ Masson, 2005） argued that construction and attribution processes led to repetition blindness when the repeated item was attributed to the wrong source, suggesting that repetition blindness occurred at the semantic level. Thus the present study examined the repetition blindness effect for Chinese reversed words to illustrate the processing level for the repetition blindness. We used a within-subject design with two variables, Repetition of words with three levels （completely repeated, reversedly repeated, and non-repeated）, and Semantic similarity for reversed words with two levels （different and similar）. The dependent variable was the accuracy rate for reporting C2. No matter the processing level at which the repetition blindness occurs, the accuracy rate in the reversedly repeated condition should be different from that in the non-repeated condition, showing a repetition blindness effect for reversed words. Further, if the accuracy rate for C2 in the similar meaning condition does not differ from that in the different meaning condition, it will suggest that the repetition blindness occurs at the perception level. Otherwise, it will suggest the repetition blindness occurs at the semantic level. Experiment 1 presented all words in sentences and asked participants to judge whether there were repeated words in a sentence, while Experiment 2

关 键 词：重复知盲 颠倒词 加工水平 建构与归因理论 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]