日常生活事件对中学生社会适应的影响:社会问题解决能力的中介作用  

The Influence of Daily Stressful Life Events on Teenage Students’ Social Adjustment: Social Problem-Solving Ability as a mediator

作　　者：杨颖[1] 程玉洁[1] 邹泓[1] 王莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [2]北京体育大学运动心理学教研室,北京100084

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第6期1376-1382,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(05JJDXLx001)

摘　　要：采用问卷法,对2157名中学生日常生活事件的特点,及其与社会适应、社会问题解决能力的关系进行研究。结果发现:(1)学业压力与人际冲突是中学生所遇到的最主要的日常生活事件,低年级经历的事件显著少于高年级,女生经历的事件显著少于男生;(2)中学生日常生活事件显著负向预测积极适应,显著正向预测消极适应;(3)社会问题解决能力在日常生活事件和社会适应之间起到部分中介作用,其中问题趋近、问题回避的作用尤其突出。This study focused on 1 ） studying the characteristics of teenage students＇ daily stressful life events, 2） examining how the occurrence of stressful events influenced teenagers＇ social adjustment, 3 ） elucidating the role of social problem - solving ability in mediating the relationship between stressful life events and social adjustment of teenage students. A sample of teenage students （n = 2157） from Beijing, Harbin, Xi＇an, Wuhan, Guangzhou and Kunming participated in the study. The gender and grade composition of the sample is presented in Table 1. The selfreport measurements, i.e. , 1 ） Adolescent Self - Rating Life Events Checklist - Revised, 2） Adolescent Social Adjustment Assessment Scale, 3） Social Problem - Solving Ability Inventory, were administered to the teenage students. The occurrence and influence rate of daily stressful life events are illustrated in Table 2. The daily stressful life events of teenage students were mainly embodied by their academic stress and interpersonal conflicts with their peers. Multivariate analysis of variance （MANOVA） was conducted to examine the effects of gender and grade on the occurrence of daily stressful life events. In general, girls underwent more negative life events than boys （p 〈 0. 001 ）, as the students of low grade level did compared to those of high grade level （p 〈 0.001） （see Table3）. The effects of daily stressful life events on social adjustment were examined by performing hierarchical multiple regressions. Re-ression coefficients presented in Table 5 show that daily stressful life events significantly and positively predict teenage students＇ negative social adjustment （p 〈 0. 001 ）, and negatively predict their positive social adjustment （p 〈 0. 001 ）. Moreover, social problem - solving ability mediates the effect of daily stressful life events on teenage students＇ social adjustment, especially for the dimension of problem approaching and problem avoidance （ p 〈 0. 001 ） . A further

关 键 词：日常生活事件 社会适应 社会问题解决能力 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]