大豆7S球蛋白α'亚基缺失及(α'+α)亚基双缺失品系的回交转育  

Development of Soybean Lines with α'-Subunit or (α'+α)-Subunits Deficiency in 7S Globulin by Backcrossing

作　　者：宋波[1] 蓝岚[1] 田福东[2] 拓云[1] 白月[1] 姜自芹[1] 申丽威[1] 李文滨[1] 刘珊珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院大豆生物学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]内蒙古通辽市农业科学研究院,内蒙古通辽028015

出　　处：《作物学报》2012年第12期2297-2305,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071440;30800625);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年骨干支持计划项目(1155G12);东北农业大学博士启动基金(2009RC47);国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2011ZX08004-004-006-002)资助

摘　　要：7S球蛋白α'与α亚基是大豆种子贮藏蛋白的重要组分,是影响大豆营养价值与加工品质的重要因子,同时还是主要的大豆致敏原,降低它们的含量是大豆品质改良育种的最新研究热点之一。以日本育种材料7S球蛋白(α'+α)-亚基双缺失型日B为供体亲本,黑龙江省主栽大豆品种东农47为受体亲本,采用回交转育方法,将α'与(α'+α)-亚基缺失特性导入东农47。结果表明,α'-缺失型(Cc)和(α'+α)-双缺失型(Cd)品系均能正常生长、结实,并能稳定遗传;Cc、Cd产量组分性状的平均值均远高于轮回亲本,蛋白质含量平均值均高于双亲,部分Cd株系籽粒蛋白质总量高达46.7%,脂肪含量平均值介于双亲之间,略高于日B;导入α'-缺失和(α'+α)双缺失性状后,绝大多数氨基酸组分含量和氨基酸总量提高,其中精氨酸和天门冬氨酸平均含量变幅最大。Cd株系籽粒含硫氨基酸含量(蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之和)及氨基酸总量分别比东农47高出0.11和5.56个百分点。说明通过常规育种重组α'-缺失或(α'+α)-双缺失性状即可提高大豆含硫氨基酸含量,并提高其他氨基酸组分含量及氨基酸总量,在Cc、Cd的BC2F3后代群体中有望筛选到α'-缺失或α'与α同时缺失的高产、高含硫氨基酸、优质大豆新品种。The α＇- and α-subunits of 7S globulin, the components of soybean storage protein as well as the main allergens, are important factors affecting the nutritional and processing quality of soybean. It is currently focused to improve the quality of soybean variety by reducing the contents of α＇ and α-subunits in soybean breeding. In the experiment, we successfully recombined the character of allergenic proteins deficiency into Chinese soybean, using a Japanese variety ＂Ri B＂ with （α＇＋α）-subunits deficiency of 7S globulin （β-conglycinin） as the donor parent, and soybean variety Dongnong 47 with high oil content, widely planted in Heilongjiang Province of China, as the recurrent parent. The results showed that the plants of α＇-subunit-deficient lines （Cc） and （α＇＋α）-subunit-deficient lines （Cd） could normally grow, set seeds, and stably inherited. The average values of the yield traits in the two lines （Cc, Cd） increased compared with those in the recurrent parent Dongnong 47. The average protein contents in the two lines were higher than those in the parents. The protein content reached to 46.7% in the Cd lines. The average oil content in Cc and Cd lines was ranged between that of both parents and a bit more than that of ＂Ri B＂. Fat content in part lines was 20% more than that in Cc and Cd lines, respectively. Total Amino acid contents were increased by introducing a￠-subunit and （a￠＋α）-subunit, amount of arginine （Arg） and asparagine （Asp） in two lines markedly increased. The sulfur-containing amino acid （Met and Cys） contents and the total amino acid content in Cd lines were 0.11% and 0.56% more than those in Dongnong 47, respectively. So the recombined lines have a great potential to enhance food safety and quality, and could be used in soybean breeding for quality.

关 键 词：大豆 致敏蛋白缺失 高含硫氨基酸品系 回交选育 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]