两周金文中“有”的句法特点  

The Syntax Function of You(有) in Bronze Inscriptions of Two Zhou Dynasties

作　　者：武振玉[1] 梁浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《西华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第1期32-35,共4页Journal of Xihua University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(07JA740014)

摘　　要：古汉语中涉及"有"的研究主要有存现句研究、"有"字句研究、"有+VP"格式研究三个方面,研究重点为"有"字句的历时演变和"有"的词义及语法属性,研究范围则基本限于传世文献。在两周金文中,"有"也是一个出现频率很高的词,共约102例,句法形式上全部带宾语,除了一般所见的体词性宾语外(50例),谓词性宾语(52例)比例之高是其明显特征。"有+VP"有"有+V、有+状语.V、有+V.宾语、有+V.补语、有+VP1+VP2、有+V1和V2"六种具体形式,表现出结构类型的多样化特点。而在体词性宾语中,抽象名词宾语超过其他各类宾语的总和,是其又一特点。The researches of You （有 ） in Ancient Chinese study mainly focused on existential sentences, ＂You （有 ） ＂sentences and syntax style of ＂You （有 ） ＋ vp＂. The key of studies included the chronicle evolution of You （有 ） sentences as well as the meaning and grammar feature of You（有 ）, and the texts of study mainly on historical texts. However, in Jin Wen texts of Two Zhou Dynasties, You（有 ） was also a high frequent word, with a number of appearance of 102, all followed by objectives and apart from 50 times followed by subjective objects, the high frequency of predicative objects is also a substantial feature. ＂You（有 ） ＋ vp＂ had six concrete forms： ＂You（有） ＋ v, You（有 ） ＋ adverbial. v, You（有 ） ＋ v objective, You（有） ＋ v complement, You（有） ＋ vpl ＋ vp2, You（有 ） ＋ vl and v2＂. Which showed the feature of being multi-style in the structure. And the abstract noun objects outnumbered all other objects among subjective objects was another characteristic.

关 键 词：两周金文 动词 有 句法特点 

分 类 号：K877.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] H146.3[历史地理—历史学]