考虑风险的随机需求供应链网络均衡研究  

Study on Supply Chain Network Equilibrium with Random Demand Considering Risk

作　　者：张桂涛[1] 孙浩[1] 胡劲松[1] 周岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学管理科学与工程系,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《复杂系统与复杂性科学》2012年第4期55-62,共8页Complex Systems and Complexity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71071082);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2012GM002);山东省教育厅高等学校优秀青年教师国内访问学者项目(SDVS2012)

摘　　要：研究了供应商向制造商供应原材料,生产同质产品的制造商通过零售商销售渠道将其产品销售给消费者,以满足消费市场随机需求的供应链网络最优化问题。运用变分不等式和互补理论,分别刻画了供应市场、制造市场、零售市场以及消费市场的最优性条件,进而建立了制造商考虑风险的4级供应链网络最优化模型。利用设计的变分不等式的自适应投影收缩算法,对建立的供应链网络最优化模型进行求解。通过算例比较分析了供应链层数的增加对供应链各成员的影响,然后分析了制造商不同风险水平和不同原材料转化率对网络均衡的影响。结果表明:当供应链模型层数增加时,将造成供应链总利润的减少;风险水平增加时,供应链总利润减少,而制造商的利润将会增加;较低的原材料转化率会使制造商的利润减少,供应链整体利润也有所减少。This paper develops a network equilibrium model of four-echelon supply chains. The optimization condition of the various decision makers including the supply market, manufacture market, the retail market and the consumer market is modeled via finite-dimensional variational inequality and complementary theory, therefore the supply chain network equilibrium model is es- tablished considering the risk and the raw material conversion rate of manufactures, and Adaptive Projection Contraction Method is designed to solve the network model. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the impact of the tier increasement upon the various decision makers and the impact of variant risk level and raw material rate upon the network equilibrium. The results show that when the number of layers increases, the total profit of supply chain will decrease; when the risk level increases, the total profit of supply chain will also decrease, and the manufacture＇s prof- it will increase; the lower raw material conversion rate will make the manufacture＇s profit de- crease, the total profit of the supply chain will reduce.

关 键 词：变分不等式 互补理论 原材料转化率 风险水平 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]