中国教育方针研究百年  

Studies on Educational Guidelines in China during the Last Century

作　　者：杨天平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学发展规划处,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期73-85,共13页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：2010年国家社会科学基金教育类一般项目"党的教育方针研究"(BAA100012)

摘　　要：近现代中国的教育方针研究,肇始于清末各类新式学堂的丛立,主要探讨要不要制定全国统一的立学宗旨等内容。民国时期,主要探讨教育方针如何表述、如何服务三民主义等内容。20世纪中叶以后,教育方针的研究揭开了新篇章。以1978年为界,分为前后两个阶段。前期主要探讨新中国教育方针的性质、任务及"全面发展"与"因材施教"的关系诸内容。后期主要研究新时期教育方针的正误及其存废、教育方针的表述及其诠释等内容。系统梳理教育方针百余年的研究历程及其成败得失,不仅是中国特色教育学科建设的基础性工作,而且也有助于为党和国家的教育方针活动提供宽深的学理支持。The study on educational guidelines in modem China, starting with the foundation of various new-style schools in the late Qing Dynasty （1644-1911 ）, focused on whether a nationwide educational policy should be made. During the period of the Republic of China （1912-1949）, the study addressed such issues as how to formulate the educational guideline and how it could serve the Three People＇ s Principles （ National-ism, Democracy, the People＇s Livelihood）. From the mid-20th century on, a new page has been turned in this field＇s study, which can be divided into two stages： before 1978, the study chiefly dealt with the nature and mission of P. R. China＇ s educational guidelines as well as the relationship between ＂all-round develop-ment＂ and ＂teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes＂ ; and after 1978, it addressed the disputes on whether the educational guideline at the first stage was correct or wrong, and whether it should be kept or a- bolished, as well as the formulation and explanation of the educational guideline. A review of the studies on China＇ s educational guidelines during the last century, summarizing the gains and losses therein, is not only the groundwork for development of the educational discipline with Chinese characteristics, but also the theoret-ical support for the government＇ s formulation and implementation of national educational guidelines.

关 键 词：中国教育方针 教育宗旨 马克思主义教育思想 

分 类 号：G520[文化科学—教育学]