数控成型磨齿机加工误差在线监测及补偿  

Machining Error Online Monitoring and Compensation of Numerical Control Forming Gear Grinding Machine

作　　者：赵飞[1] 梅雪松[1,2] 李光东[1] 陶涛[1] 姜歌东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第1期171-177,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(973计划;2011CB706805)

摘　　要：研究数控机床加工过程在线监测及加工误差分析与补偿方法的问题,提出用于数控成型磨齿机齿向误差在线监测及补偿方法。数控机床加工过程中,加工工件和刀具间的相对位置关系对机床加工精度具有重要影响。通过获取数控机床内置信号(光栅、编码器)可以得到这一重要信息。基于内置信号同步采集方法,利用齐次坐标变换原理对数控机床进给轴的内置信号进行变换分析,获得机床空间加工轨迹,从而实现机床加工误差的在线监测与评估。同时,通过分析加工过程中各进给轴的动态位置信息,可以确定影响加工误差的主要因素。基于分析结果,通过软件实时补偿原理,结合数控机床控制系统特点,对主要误差源进行在线补偿,从而达到提高加工精度的目的。采用该方法对一数控成型磨齿机加工过程齿向误差进行评估与补偿,与三坐标测量机检测结果对比表明该方法可以有效地获取加工误差形貌。根据基于分析结果进行补偿后,使该机床齿向误差明显降低,提高了机床的加工精度等级。The problem of machining error online monitoring and compensation method is studied, and the machining error online monitoring and compensation method is proposed which takes numerical control forming gear grinding machine as the research object. The relative position of work piece and tool is important for machining precision during machining process. One can get the relative position by testing the built-in signal which include encoder and direct encoder signal. In the proposed method, the space trace of machining is calculated from the built-in signal which is processed by the homogeneous coordinate transformation. The main factors that bring out the machining error can be determined by analyzing the processed built-in signal, and compensated into the numerical control system by online real time method. The proposed method is implemented on a numerical control forming gear grinding machine to improve its precision. Compared with the coordinate measuring machine test result, the proposed method can detect the form of the machining error. After compensating, the tooth alignment machining error is lowered obviously.

关 键 词：加工过程监测 精度测试 误差补偿 齐次坐标变换 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]