清末民初教科书的科学启蒙  

The Scientific Enlightenment in Textbooks of the Late Qing and Early Republic of China

作　　者：石鸥[1] 吴小鸥[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048 [2]宁波大学教师教育学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2012年第11期85-90,共6页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般课题(BAA120011);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(10YJA880147)

摘　　要：19世纪下半叶以来,西学迅速进入中国,科学出版物纷纷出现,但科学的传播却非常缓慢,这一现象直到甲午战争之后才被终结。新式学堂的大量出现,导致新式的科学教科书海量增长。当承载着科学新思想新学说的教科书被广泛传阅后,其巨大的启蒙影响力终于迸发出来。清末民初教科书的科学启蒙大致经历了首倡期、鼎盛期和稳定期三个阶段。早期教科书促进了中国学术由四部之学到分科之学的转型,推动了中国科学由格致到科学的转变,加强了学术术语的规范和统一,推进了科学方法的确立,引介了科学常识和现代文明。Since the second half of 19th century, the Western Learning entered into China quickly and scientific publications sprung up, but the scientific spirit spread slowly, whic 1 was not ended until Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. With the development of the Newstyle Schools, the requirement of new textbooks wasrising urgently. Furthermore, those textbooks which were endowed the scientific thoughts and theories in the above process caused the fierce burst of its great enlightenment. The scientific enlightenment in textbooks of the Late Qing and Early Republic of China went through three stages： the initiation, cul- mination and stabilization among which the early textbooks advanced the transition from traditional academic classifications to modern ones, promoted the Chinese scientific change from ＂Gezhi＂ to science, strengthened the specification and unity of academic terms, developed the establishment of scientific means, introduced the scientific knowledge and modern civilization.

关 键 词：清末民初 教科书 科学 启蒙 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]