从需要满足到权利本位:受艾滋病影响儿童的职业教育问题研究——以一项评估为例  

From Need Satisfaction to Right Standard:the Study on Issues of Vocational Education for Children Affected by AIDS——With the Example of an Evaluation

作　　者：张长伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学青少年问题研究中心,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第1期163-167,共5页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会"中国儿童福利示范区项目";教育部人文社会科学研究项目(11YJC840066);河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2011BSH001)

摘　　要：通过运用"APC评估"和"综合绩效评估"框架对某NGO在W县开展的受艾滋病影响儿童家庭生产技能培训项目进行了评估,发现该项目的设计理念比较先进,培训方式比较丰富,取得了预期的效果,但是该项目培训内容的选择与受艾滋病影响儿童及其家庭本身的需要存在一定的错位,存在培训效果不佳、针对性较差等问题。出现这一困厄现象的原因是该项目遵循的是需要满足视角,儿童是被动的社会福利接受者,消解的根本途径是从需要满足视角向权利本位视角转变,把受艾滋病影响儿童作为个体权利主体来看待,尊重其权利,正视他们的发展观,鼓励参与,充分满足他们的各种需要,以更好地解决他们的职业教育及发展问题。By employing framework of ＂APC Assessment＂ and ＂Comprehensive Performance Appraisal＂,the paper evaluates the Domestic Production Skill Training Project established for Children Affected by AIDS.The evaluation indicates that this project,with the features of advanced design theory and the variety of training activities,has achieved the desired results.However,some issues,including its weakness in effectiveness and pertinence,emerged.It is my recommendation that this is due to the mismatch between the training selected and the real needs of Children Affected by AIDS and their families.This distress is caused by the need satisfaction principle the project follows,which considers children as the passive recipient of the social welfare.The findings suggest that the resolution lies on a switch from need satisfaction principle to right standard principle.That is,the Children Affected by AIDS need to be treated as the subject of right,with their rights being respected,their views of development being recognized,their participation being encouraged,and their needs being fully satisfied.In this way,the problems of Children Affected by AIDS vocational education and development can be more properly resolved.

关 键 词：受艾滋病影响儿童 职业教育 需要满足 权利本位 

分 类 号：G71[文化科学—职业技术教育学]