青少年近视眼正相对调节力下降的临床分析  

Clinical analysis of the decrease in positive relative accommodation in juvenile and young adult myopes

作　　者：徐艳春[1] 范春雷[1] 马小力[1] 张福生[1] 田晓丹[1] 詹立辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院眼科,沈阳010001

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2013年第1期34-37,共4页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

摘　　要：目的探讨近视青少年正、负相对调节力与正视青少年正、负相对调节力的差异，分析正、负相对调节力变化与近视发病的关系。方法横断面研究。少年组：正视组43例（＋0．50～O．25D），年龄7～16岁，平均（10．7±3．0）岁；近视组110例（-0．50—3．00D，屈光参差〈-1．00D），年龄7～16岁，平均（11．5＋2．6）岁。青年组（由大学生组成）：大学入校新生266例，平均年龄（18．8＋0．8）岁，其中正视29例，近视237例。被检者在电脑验光基础上，使用综合验光仪进行主觉验光，并在综合验光仪上测双眼正、负相对调节力。数据采用单因素方差分析。结果少年组：正视组正相对调节力的均值为（-5．52±1．21）D，近视组为（-2．27±1．19）D，差异有统计学意义（F=227．26，P〈0．01）。正视组与近视组负相对调节力分别为（＋2．41±0．65）D、（＋2．21±0．73）D，差异无统计学意义。正视组正、负相对调节力的比值为2．35±0．45，而近视组比值为1．10±0．60，差异有统计学意义（F=156．40，P〈0．01）。青年组：正视组正相对调节力均值为（-4．87±1．47）D，近视眼组为（-2．63±1．41）D，差异有统计学意义（F=66．62，P〈0．01）。正视组负相对调节力为（＋2．09±0．46）D，近视组为（＋1．98＋0．48）D，差异无统计学意义。正视组正、负相对调节力比值为2．35＋0．51，而近视眼组为1．34±0．93，差异有统计学意义（F=47．28，P〈0．01）。结论近视青少年比同龄正视者正相对调节力明显下降，正、负相对调节力比值下降。正相对调节力下降是青少年近视眼发病的临床特征之一。[Abstract] Objective To investigate the differences in positive relative accommodation （PRA） and negative relative accommodation （NRA） in juvenile emmetropes and myopes, and to analyze the relationship between the differences in PRA and NRA and the onset of myopia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the subjects were divided into two groups, a juvenile group and young adult group （entrant group）. The juvenile group included 43 emmetropes （±0.5±-0.25 D, 7-16 years old, average age 10.7±3.0 years） and 110 myopes （-0.5±-3.00 D, anisometropia less than -1.00 D, 7-16 years old, average age 11.5±2.6 years）. There were 266 participants （average age 18.76± 0.80 years） in the youth group, including 29 emmetropes and 237 myopes. PRA and NRA were measured by a phoroptor based on computer optometry. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the comparisons between these two groups. Results In the juvenile group, PRA was -5.52±1.21 D for emmetropes compared to -2.27±1.19 D for myopes, which was a statistically significant difference （F=227.26, P〈0.01）. The NRA for emmetropes was ＋2.41±0.65 D and was ＋2.21±0.73 D for myopes. The difference was not statistically significant. The PRA/NRA ratios for emmetropes and myopes were 2.35±0.45 and 1.10±0.60, and the difference was statistically significantly （F=156.40, P〈0.01 ）. In the young adult group, PRA was -4.87±1.47 D for emmetropes in comparison to -2.63± 1.41 D for myopes, which was a statistically significant difference （F=66.62, P〈0.01 ）. The NRA of emmetropes was ＋2.09±0.46 D and was ＋1.98±0.48 D for myopes. The difference was not statistically significant （F=1.55, P=0.214）. The PRA/NRA ratios for emmetropes and myopes were 2.35±0.51 and1.34±0.93. The difference was statistically significant （F=7.28, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The PRA and PRA/NRA ratio for juvenile and young adult myopes is significantly less than for emmetropes. The decrease in PRA, i.e., accommodation reserve, is a significantly different

关 键 词：近视 青少年 调节 病因学 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]