生命早期经历大饥荒的人群当前膳食结构及其影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the dietary pattern from people born in and around famine years

作　　者：杨镜琳[1] 刘达美 王宏[1] 王永红[3] 张勇 龚涛[4] 韩令力[5] 赵勇[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院妇幼与儿童少年卫生学教研室,400016 [2]四川成都市龙泉驿区妇幼保健院,610100 [3]重庆医科大学附属第一医院体检中心,400016 [4]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院营养与食品卫生学教研室,400016 [5]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院劳动与环境卫生学教研室,400016

出　　处：《重庆医学》2013年第3期323-325,共3页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2008年度青年基金项目(08JC840021)

摘　　要：目的了解重庆地区生命早期经历大饥荒(1959～1961年)的人群现时膳食结构状况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,抽取1956～1964年重庆地区出生的具有理解能力的居民作为研究对象,其中1956～1958年出生人群为饥荒前出生人群(G1组),1959～1961年出生人群为饥荒年出生人群(G2组),1962～1964年出生人群为饥荒后出生人群(G3组)。G3组对该人群进行膳食结构调查,采用食物频数法量表问卷进行调查。采用Epidata软件进行双录入问卷,通过SAS8.1软件进行t检验、χ2检验以及Logistic逐步回归分析。结果 G2组人群每天食用鱼肉频率低于其他两组;每天食用豆类及其制品、禽肉、坚果、奶类及其制品的食用频率低于G1组人群而高于G3组人群;每天食用内脏、新鲜水果的频率高于G1组低于G3组。G3组每天食用蛋类高于G1和G2组人群,但各组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对G2组人群膳食结构分析发现,学历、平均月收入、吸烟情况、锻炼情况、食欲情况以及工作满意度是影响饥荒年出生人群食用豆类、禽肉、鱼肉、蛋类、奶类、坚果及新鲜水果食用频率的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论重庆地区饥荒年出生人群饮食情况同其他两组相比没有明显差异,其饮食习惯主要受经济、文化、生活习惯、食欲以及对工作的满意度的影响较大。Objective To understand the pattern of dietary and their effected factors of people who were born in famine years（1959-1961）in Chongqing.Methods We conducted a quantitative study to take a stratified multistage random sample of people who were born in 1956-1964 in Chongqing.G1 group：people were born in 1956-1958;G2 group： people were born in 1959-1961;G3 group： people were born in 1962-1964.We investigated the pattern of dietary of these people,and used food frequency table and questionnaire double times from Epidata software,we used t-test,chi-square test,Logistic regression by SAS8.0 software for statistical analysis.Results The scores of group G2 on frequency of consumption fish were lower than the those of other 2 groups;The frequency of consumption beans and bean products,poultry,nuts,milk in group G2 were higher than those in G3,lower than those in G1;The frequency of consumption animal offal,fresh fruits in group G2 were higher than those in G1,lower than those in G3.The scores of group G2 on frequency of consumption eggs were higher than the other 2 groups,the difference had no statistically significant（P〉0.05）.The main influencing factors of consumption food frequency were education background,the average monthly income,smoking,exercise,appetite and satisfaction of job when we did a further study in the dietary pattern of group G2（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The pattern of dietary of people who were born in famine years has no difference of the other 2 groups,and the most important impacted factors of their dietary habits are economy,culture,life style,appetite and satisfaction of job.

关 键 词：膳食调查 营养调查 重庆 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]