荀子“明于天人之分”之再考察  

A Study on Xunzi's Opinions on Identification of Man and Heaven

作　　者：崔宜明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第1期23-29,共7页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"先秦儒家伦理思想知识论体系的发生学研究"(10BZX057)

摘　　要：荀子的"明于天人之分"不是"切割"之"分",是"联系"之"分"和"复归"之"分"。"天"无"意"而"人"有"愿",这是"天人"之所"分",而"天"、"人"皆有"成"有"得",则是"天人"之所"同";"天"之所"成"所"得"是"万物各得其和以生,各得其养以成",而"能参"之"人",则以此"成"此"德"为之所"为"之所"求"的价值原则,故称为"天德"。进而,"人"也是"天"之"不为而成,不求而得"之一,其"形具而神生"而可知"天功"、效"天德",成"王者之政"。由此,荀子对"天"、"人"之间的勾连作出了新的理解,重建了天人关系的学说,在哲学上完成了一次革命性突破。When it comes to the philosophical proposition differences between heaven and man, Xunzi does not emphasize the differences between heaven and man, but integration of them. Heaven does not have willingness, but man does, and this is the difference between heaven and man. Both heaven and man incline to gain their ends so that everything is itself and could real- ize its aim. Therefore, the moral person is the one who could understand heaven and follow the virtues of heaven. That is, the moral person practices just like heaven who does not force others to carry out his will but reigns over everything by the light of na- ture. The paper holds that Xunzi makes a new interpretation of the relationship between heaven and man, and his interpretation is a philosophical breakthrough.

关 键 词：天人相通 天人之分 天人勾连 知天 天德 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]