提取条件对草鱼鱼油特性的影响及其脂肪酸组成分析  

Effect of extraction conditions on oil qulity and fatty acids composition of fish oil extracted from Ctenopharyngodon idellus

作　　者：孙炳新 苏阳[2] 郝婷婷[2] 祈岩[2] 冯叙桥[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]渤海大学食品科学研究院,渤海大学化学化工与食品安全学院,辽宁省食品安全重点实验室,"食品贮藏加工及质量安全控制工程技术研究中心"辽宁省高校重大科技平台,辽宁锦州121013 [2]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2013年第5期100-104,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：渤海大学人才引进基金项目(BHU20120301);辽宁省科技厅重点项目(2008205001)

摘　　要：以草鱼的肝脏和脂肪(1∶1)混合物为原料,采用稀碱水解法制备草鱼鱼油,研究草鱼鱼油提取条件对其特性的影响,并分析其脂肪酸的组成。结果表明,提取条件对鱼油的提取率、碘价、酸价、过氧化值和含皂量影响很大,以它们为指标得出的最佳工艺条件为:经绞肉机绞碎后的肝脏和脂肪糜与水1∶1混合后,在45℃下水浴5min,用NaOH溶液(1∶1,W/V)调至pH10.0,加入鱼糜质量分数10%的4%NaCl溶液,在60℃下盐析5min,离心分离鱼糜后,取上清液得到鱼油,在该条件下鱼油的得率为84.81%±0.56%。经脱酸脱胶后精制的鱼油用气相色谱分析,得出鱼油中含有16∶0、18∶1n-9、20∶5n-3(DHA)和22∶6n-3(EPA)等22种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸占30%左右,硬脂酸含量最高,占18.5%左右;不饱和脂肪酸占60%左右,油酸含量最高,占18.6%,EPA含量约0.7%,DHA含量约0.5%。The optimal extraction conditions and their effect on oil quality and fatty acid composition of fish oil extracted from the liver and fat（ 1：1 ）of Ctenopharyngodon idellus by using diluted alkaline hydrolysis method was investigated.The results indicated that the extraction ratio, iodic value, acid value, peroxide value and soap stock content were significantly affected by extraction conditions. The optimal extraction conditions determined by extraction ratio, iodic value,acid value, peroxide value and saponified matter content were that the volume ratio of the minced liver and fat of Ctenopharyngodon idellus and water was 1：1 ,the immersion time in water bath at 45℃ was 5min,the pH of the sample solution was adjusted to 10.0 with NaOH solution（ 1：1, W/V）, and the sample solution was precipitated in 10mL 4% NaCl solution for 5min at 60℃, then the fish oil was obtained after centrifugation.The yield of fish oil extracted from Ctenopharyngodon idellus by the optimal extraction conditions was 84.81%±0.56%.The results of the analysis of the prepared fish oil showed that it comprised of 22 kinds of fatty acid ,i.e.16：0,18：1n-9,20：5n-3 （DHA） and 22：6n-3 （ EPA）, and saturated fatty acids accounted for about 30%, which stearic acid was maximum for 18.5%, unsaturated fatty acids accounted for about 60% ,which oleic acid was maximum for 18.6% ,and EPA accounted for 0.7% ,DHA accounted for 0.5%.

关 键 词：草鱼 稀碱水解法 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS225.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]