中国城市6～11岁小学生忽视评价常模的研制  

Development of national neglect norm for urban primary school students of China

作　　者：潘建平[1] 王飞[1] 李敏[1] 陈晶琦[2] 张慧颖[3] 王桂香[4] 古桂雄[5] 郭蔚蔚 彭玉林 石淑华[7] 陈光虎 弋花妮[9] 傅平[10] 夏黎[11] 俞红[12] 陆彪[13] 段志娴[13] 王应雄[14] 钟朝晖[14] 李建[15] 王琳[16] 曹春红[1] 罗莎莎[1] 张松杰[1] 张华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院公共卫生系儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,710061 [2]北京大学医学部儿少卫生研究所 [3]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生教研室 [4]吉林大学第二医院儿童卫生教研室 [5]苏州大学附属儿童医院儿保科 [6]河南省教育委员会体育卫生艺术教育处 [7]华中科技大学同济公共卫生学院妇幼系 [8]湖北省荆州市妇幼保健院 [9]济南市妇幼保健院 [10]青岛市妇女儿童医疗保健中心 [11]南京市妇幼保健院儿童保健所 [12]佛山市妇幼保健院 [13]宁夏医学院附属医院儿科 [14]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室 [15]贵阳医学院 [16]遵义医学院附院预防保健科

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第2期129-134,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30671772）

摘　　要：目的研制中国城市小学生忽视评价常模。方法按照多阶段分层整群抽样原则，于2008年12月1—31日期间，从全国抽取13个省份24个城市中的小学生进行现场问卷调查。调查问卷自行设计，前期历经2年多的3轮预试验、10多次反复修改，并经专家审评后确定。两种忽视评价调查问卷（小学1～3年级、4～6年级）获得有效样本量分别为1491名和2236名，共3727名。经过项目分析、因素分析、效度分析和信度分析等处理确定常模量表，通过信度检验和效度检验评价常模的稳定性和可靠性，并采用百分位数法确定量表的评价标准，完成常模的初步研制。结果两个量表最终分别保留6个忽视层面（身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗及社会忽视）的55个和57个题项。两个量表各题项的因素负荷量分别在0．301～0．687和0．321～0．730之间，均达到了统计学要求。1～3年级忽视量表总的Cronbach0l系数为0．914，总的劈半系数为0．896，除医疗、社会外，各个层面的CronbachOr．系数均大于0．737，劈半系数在0．461～0．757之间；4～6年级忽视量表总的Cronbach0I系数为0．916，总的劈半系数为0．883，除社会层面外，其余层面的Cronbach仪系数在0．457～0．856之间，劈半系数在0．500～0．798之间；1－3年级和4～6年级量表确定的总的忽视界值点分别为125分和155分。结论两常模量表结构合理，具有良好的鉴别力、信度和效度，稳定性和可靠性强。Objective To develop the national neglect norms for urban primal＇y school students in China. Methods According to multi-stage stratified cluster sampling principle, 24 cities of 13 provinces （municipalities） in China were selected during December 1 to 31,2008. A total of 1491 students in grade t - 3 and 2236 students in grade 4 - 6 were selected. Questionnaire was designed by authors and the final norms were determined through several statistical analysis methods, such as item analysis method, factor analysis method, reliability analysis method. The reliability analysis and validity analysis were used to test the stability and reliability of the norms. The evaluation criteria of the scale was determined by the percentile method, then the initial development of the norm was completed. Results The two questionnaires of grade 1 - 3 and grade d - 6 students consisted of 55 and 57 items, respectively, whose item loadings were ranged from 0. 301 to O. 687 and O. 321 to 0. 730 ,which met the statistical requirements. For grade 1 - 3 students, the scale＇s total Cronbach ct coefficients was 0. 914, the total split-half reliability coefficients was 0. 896, the Cronbach α coefficients of four level was above 0. 737 except medical and social neglect, split-half reliability was ranged from 0. 461 to 0. 757; for grade 4 -6 students, the scale＇s total Cronbach ct coefficients was 0. 916,split-half reliability was 0. 883, except social neglect, the Cronbach α coefficients of other level was ranged 0. 457 to 0. 856, split-half reliability was ranged from 0. 500 to 0. 798. The total neglect cut-off score of the two scales grade 1 -3 and 4 -6 were 125 and 155, respectively. Conclusion The structure of two norms was reasonable. The scales have good stability and reliability.

关 键 词：中国 城市 儿童忽视 小学生 常模 

分 类 号：G627[文化科学—教育学]