原油沥青质分子结构与乳化特性的关联研究  

The Relationship Between the Structure of Asphaltene and Emulsion Charactistics of Crude Oil

作　　者：唐文[1] 何凤友[2] 杜彦民[2] 凌凤香[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学化学与材料学院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《当代化工》2013年第2期141-143,147,共4页Contemporary Chemical Industry

摘　　要：以核磁共振氢谱为基础,用改进的Brown-Ladner法计算六种原油沥青质的平均结构参数和平均分子式,关联原油水乳状液的表观黏度。结果表明:沥青质的芳香取代率在0.37～0.54之间,芳香环系周边碳的取代率在0.40～0.53之间,RA/RN均大于1。与穆尔班原油沥青质相比,胜利、文森特原油沥青质的芳香核结构较小,而支链烷烃数量较多;达里亚沥青质芳香核结构较少,支链数目较多;新文昌的支链比穆尔班沥青质的要长;巴林沙中沥青质的芳香结构较为致密。可以推测:沥青质分子结构中含硫官能团在原油水乳状液反相时起到交联作用,增大了沥青质界面膜强度;含氧官能团是亲水基团。By means of the modified Brown-Ladner＇s method, the average structural parameters and average molecular formulas of asphaltenes from several crude oils were calculated based on NMR spectroscopy combined with the relative molecular weight and the elemental analysis. The results show the structural parameters of asphaltene are as below, the protonic aromatic-carbon ratio is in the range of 0.37 - 0.54, the substituted aromatic-carbon ratio is in the range of 0.40 - 0.53, the number of aromatic ring is always greater than the number of naphthenic ring. Compared with Murban crude oil asphaltene, Shengli and Vincent crude oil asphaltenes have more branched alkanes, the branched alkanes of Xinwenchang are longer, and the aromatic nucleus of Balinshazhong are larger. Associated with the apparent viscosity, we can also know that in asphaltene molecules, the sulfur-containing functional groups with cross linked action can increase the strength of oil-water interfacial film, and the oxygen-containing functional groups are hydrophilic group.

关 键 词：沥青质 核磁共振氢谱 结构参数 表观黏度 乳化 

分 类 号：TE626[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]