中国四城市中小学生的饮水量  被引量:20

Water intake of primary and middle school students in four cities of China

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作  者:杜松明[1] 潘慧[1] 胡小琪[1] 张倩[1] 王晓君[2] 卢立新[3] 邹淑蓉[4] 范健文[5] 李晓辉[6] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]北京市怀柔区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心 [4]上海市疾病预防控制中心营养卫生科 [5]广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生科 [6]成都市疾病预防控制中心食品环境与学校卫生科

出  处:《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第3期210-213,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘  要:目的调查中国4个城市中小学生饮水量,为制定中国中小学生饮水参考摄入量标准提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,于2011年9—10月在北京、上海、广州、成都抽取了5914名中小学生,完成调查5868名。采用连续7d24h的饮水记录法,调查研究对象每次饮水量等信息。分析比较不同城市、城乡、性别、年龄段中小学生的饮水量。结果中国4个城市中小学生每天的饮水量为(1089±540)ml;北京、上海、成都、广州分别为(1165±549)、(1126±544)、(866±421)、(1185±568)ml,各城市之间的差异有统计学意义(F=114.28,P〈0.05);男生每天饮水量[(1157±575)m1]高于女生[(1026±498)ml](Z=8.88,P〈0.05);城区[(1185±578)m1]高于农村[(991±480)m1](Z=13.94,P〈0.05);7—10、11~13和14~17岁3个年龄段中小学生的饮水量依次增加,分别为(953±483)、(1134±551)和(1170±557)ml,差异有统计学意义(x2=91.53,P〈0.05)。结论在中国4个城市中,不同城市、城乡、性别、年龄中小学生的饮水量存在差别。Objective To investigate total intake of drinking water of primary and middle school students in four cities of China, and to provide scientific evidence for developing standard of intake of drinking water for primary and middle school students in China. Methods A total of 5914 primary and middle school students were selected from Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou using multi-stage random sampling method and 5868 subjects completed the survey. The information on the amounts of daily drinking water was recorded for seven consecutive days using a 24 hour measurement. The amounts of daily drinking water among different cities and ages and between boys and girls or urban and rural were analyzed. Results The average daily total drinking water of subjects was ( 1089 ± 540) ml, with significant differences among the four cities ( ( 1165± 549 ) , ( 1126 ± 544 ) , ( 866 ± 421 ) , ( 1185 ± 568 ) ml in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou, respectively ; F = 114. 28, P 〈 0. 05 ). The average daily drinking water was significantly higher in boys ( 1157 ±575 )ml than in girls ( 1026 ± 498 )ml (Z = 8. 88 ,P 〈 0. 05 ), and in urban (1185 ±578) ml than in rural (991±480) ml (Z = 13.94,P〈0.05).The difference among different ages was statistically significant ( F = 91.53 ,P 〈 0. 05 ) with ascending order in 7 - 10,11 - 13 and 14-17 years old ((953 ±483),(1134 ±551) and (1170 ± 557) ml respectively). Conclusion The daily consumption of total drinking water is different in primary and middle school students among different cities, regions, genders and ages.

关 键 词:儿童 少年 饮水 适宜摄入量 

分 类 号:R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]

 

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