汽油车尾气中醛酮类化合物排放特征的研究  

An Experimental Study on the Emission Characteristics of Aldehydes and Ketones from Gasoline Vehicles

作　　者：张海燕[1] 张仲荣[2] 刘立东[2] 王凤滨[2] 邱君[2] 高俊华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]中国汽车技术研究中心,天津300162

出　　处：《汽车工程》2013年第3期207-211,218,共6页Automotive Engineering

摘　　要：采用2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生化反应-高效液相色谱法对5辆国Ⅳ汽油车排放的醛酮类化合物进行试验研究。研究结果显示:汽油车尾气中甲醛、乙醛、丙酮的排放量最高,3种物质占醛酮化合物总量的80%以上,丙醛、丙烯醛、丁酮等其他醛酮所占比例较低;在市区行驶循环(ECE)的醛酮类化合物排放水平高于郊区行驶(EU-DC),表明各类醛酮的排放与汽油发动机的运行工况有关。从醛酮之间的相关性看,乙醛、丙醛、丁酮和苯甲醛与甲醛的相关性较好,R2在0.86以上。An experimental study on the emission of aldehydes and ketones from State IV gasoline vehicles is conducted by using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatization reaction and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The results show that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone are the three highest emission pollutants in the exhaust gas of gasoline vehicles. They account for more than 80% of the total emissions of aldehydes and ketones, whereas the emission proportions of others such as propionaldehyde, acrolein and butanone, etc. are relatively lower. Emission concentrations of aldehydes and ketones in urban-driving cycle （ECE） are higher than that in suburban-driving cycle （EUDC）, indicating that they are related to the running conditions of gasoline engine. As for the correlations among aldehydes and ketones, the acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butanone and benzaldehyde have closer correlation to formaldehyde with a correlation coefficient （R2） above 0. 86.

关 键 词：汽油车 醛酮类化合物 甲醛 乙醛 丙酮 

分 类 号：X734.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]