上海市闵行区中小学生午餐行为及膳食营养状况  

Lunch behaviors and dietary nutrition among primary and secondary school students in Minhang District,Shanghai

作　　者：汤红梅[1] 严玉洁[1] 方红[1] 刘奕男[1] 曹莉莉[1] 张芬[1] 姚保栋[1] 赵立昀[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心,201101

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第3期263-265,268,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市闵行区自然科学研究课题专项资金项目(2010MHZ044)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市闵行区中小学生午餐膳食营养状况和对午餐的满意度,为开展学生营养干预、改善学生午餐膳食营养提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取上海市闵行区10所中小学三～九年级学生3 978名,开展学校食堂供应午餐满意度问卷调查;采用食物称重法,对其中2所学校一～九年级1 154名中小学生开展调查。结果小学生蔬菜类、大豆及其制品和中学生粮食类、蔬菜类、大豆及其制品摄入量均明显低于推荐值。小学生与中学生午餐中能量、蛋白质、钙、锌、维生素A、维生素B1和维生素B2实际摄入量低于推荐值;中学生铁、硒、磷摄入也低于推荐值。三大营养素实际摄入能量来源比中,碳水化合物偏低,脂肪偏高,蛋白质适宜。50.7%的中小学生不喜欢学校食堂提供的午餐。结论中小学生午餐膳食结构和营养质量较推荐量标准还有很大差距。学校应加强营养教育并配备专职营养师,指导、督促学校食堂严格执行膳食营养标准,改善午餐质量。Objective To understand the dietary nutrition of school lunch and degree of satisfaction on school lunch among primary and secondary school students in Minhang District.Methods A cluster random sample of 3 978 students at the 3-9 grades was selected.A questionnaire was conducted to assess students’ satisfaction on school lunch.Dietary surveys using Food Weighted Record Method were administrated to 1 154 students.Results The imbalanced nutrition at lunch was common among primary and secondary school students.Intakes of vegetables,soy and soy products in primary school students,grains,vegetables,soy and soy products among secondary school students were lower than the recommended values.Intakes of energy,protein,calcium,zinc,vitamin A,vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 among primary school students were inadequate.In addition to the above nutrients,the intakes of iron,selenium and phosphorus were also inadequate among secondary school students.Among the intake of energy,proportion of carbohydrate was lower while proportion of fat was higher than the recommended values.More than half of the students reported dislike the lunch at school.Conclusion There are great gaps between the actual dietary nutrition with the recommended standards of school lunch.It is recommended that schools should be equipped with full-time nutritionists to guide and supervise school cafeterias on following the nutrition standards and improving school lunch quality.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 膳食 营养状况 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]