枣皮中生物蜡的提取及性质研究  

Extraction and property of Bio-wax from ziziphus jujuba mill.

作　　者：张玉芳[1] 刘雪梅[2] 单守水[2] 郑舒文[2] 

机构地区：[1]烟台汽车工程职业学院,山东烟台265500 [2]烟台大学,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2013年第2期65-69,共5页China Food Additives

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(Y2008D48)

摘　　要：生物蜡广泛存在于自然界一切有生命的动植物中,因含有多种有效成分和功能在医药及化妆品等行业受到广泛关注。枣具有抗疲劳、抗衰老及增强免疫等多种生物功效,枣皮中的生物蜡必然具有不同于其他蜡质的特殊功能。本研究以枣皮为材料,分别考察了提取剂、温度、时间以及料液比等不同因素对枣蜡提取率的影响,确定了提取最佳工艺条件;并对提取得到的生物蜡的理化性质和主要成分进行了初步研究。结果表明,综合考虑枣皮生物蜡提取以无乙醇为提取剂效果最好,其它最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶13(W∶V)、提取温度50℃、提取时间35min,最终枣蜡得率为7.0%。提取所得样品的酸值为109.9,皂化值为130.8,酯值20.9,平均相对分子量为1284.4。通过紫外和红外光谱分析,样品中含有的主要官能团有:-OH、C-H、C-H、C=O、苯环、Ar-O、R-O,推测其主要组成为有机酸、酯类、芳香醚、芳香醇等成分。Bio - wax widely exists in all living animals and plants, and it has got great attention in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry because of its effective component and function. Jujube is anti - fatigue, anti - aging and can be utilized to enhance our immunity; therefore the bio - wax in the jujube peels must have special function. Jujube peel was used as original material and the effect of extracting agent, temperature, time and the ration of material and liquid were studied. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows： the absolute ethyl alcohol was used as extracting a- gent. The ratio of material to solvent was 1 ： 13, extraction at 50~C for 35min. The yield was 7. 0%. The acid value was 109. 9mgKOH/g, the saponification value was 130. 8mgKOH/g and ester value for wax was 20. 9 mg KOH/g. The average molecular weight was 1284. 4. Analyzed with UV and IR, the main functional groups in the sample were： - OH, C - H, C - H, C = O, Ar - O, R - O, and main compounds were organic acid, aromatic ether, esters and aromatic alcohol.

关 键 词：枣皮 生物蜡 提取 性质 

分 类 号：TS202.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]