浙江省食用菌铅镉重金属污染风险研究  

Study on Pollution and Risk of Pb and Cd in Edible Fungi from Zhejiang Province

作　　者：叶雪珠[1] 赵首萍[1] 张永志[1] 王钢军[1] 王强[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量标准研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2013年第3期50-53,共4页Edible Fungi of China

摘　　要：为了解目前浙江省市场食用菌重金属铅、镉污染现状及其食用风险,于2009年采集浙江省食用菌市场和基地的香菇、黑木耳样品169份及基质样品16份,分析其重金属铅、镉含量。结果发现,食用菌中铅、镉含量变异较大,变异系数可高达127.2%。供试食用菌均受到不同程度的铅、镉污染,约10%黑木耳样品中的铅、镉含量及12.5%干香菇样品中的镉含量超过国家标准;对基质样品的分析发现,香菇对基质中的镉具有强富集能力,富集系数可高达14,而黑木耳对镉的富集系数最高只有2.4,供试香菇、黑木耳对铅的富集系数都在2.0以下。根据人体膳食摄入风险分析,浙江省市场食用菌总体较安全,铅、镉平均人体摄入量低于允许量,但部分食用菌镉污染程度较高,超过了允许摄入量,存在食用风险。建议对于食用菌应建立长期预警监测和风险评估机制。The study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Pb and Cd pollution in two kinds of edible fungi, Lentinus edodes and Auricularia auricula and its consumption risks in 2009. Altogether 169 edible fungi samples and 16 matrix samples were collected from Zhejiang Province. The results showed that the content of Pb and Cd in edible fungus ranged larger, the biggest variation coefficient reached 127.2%. The edible fungus in our experiment was all polluted by Pb and Cd with different degree. The concent of Pb and Cd in 10 percent of Auricularia auricula and Cd in 12. 5 percent of Lentinus edodes exceed national standards requirement. Analysis also showed that Lentinus edodes had stronger ability to absorb Cd from growing medium than other edible fungi with the enrichment coefficient up to 14, more higher than 2.4 of black-fungus. Coefficient of enrichment Pb were all less than 2.0 in Lentinus edodes and Auricularia auricula. According to the human body dietary intake risk analysis, edible fungi was generally safe in Zhejiang Province. The average human intake of Pb and Cd below allowance, but in part of the edible fungus the Cd pollution degree was higher, more than the allowed intake, which existed edible risk. Considering the potential risk, this study suggests that a long-term early warning monitoring and risk assessment mechanism for heavy metal in edible fungus was necessary.

关 键 词：浙江省 食用菌 重金属 污染风险 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]